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Understanding the Life Cycles of Viruses: Lytic and Lysogenic Mechanisms

Viruses exhibit two primary types of life cycles: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle. While some viruses follow only the lytic cycle, others can alternate between lytic and lysogenic phases. Understanding these cycles is crucial for comprehending how viruses infect host cells and propagate. Additionally, we explore methods to culture animal viruses in the laboratory, assess their cytopathic effects, and discuss antiviral agents that target these viral mechanisms. The impact of unconventional infectious agents like viroids and prions in diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob is also examined.

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Understanding the Life Cycles of Viruses: Lytic and Lysogenic Mechanisms

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  1. LIFE CYCLES OF VIRUSES

  2. VIRUSES CAN EXHIBIT TWO TYPES OF LIFE CYCLES. 1. THE LYTIC CYCLE 2. THE LYSOGENIC CYCLE • SOME VIRUSES EXHIBIT ONLY THE LYTIC CYLE. • SOME VIRUSES CAN EXHIBIT BOTH LYTIC AND LYSOGENIC CYCLES.

  3. The Lysogenic Cycle

  4. VARIETY OF ANIMAL VIRAL INFECTIONS - LYTIC OR LYSOGENIC VIRUSES?

  5. TRANSDUCTION

  6. HOW ANIMAL VIRUSES ENTER ANIMAL CELLS

  7. HOW ARE ANIMAL VIRUSES CULTURED IN THE LABORATORY • CLASSIFICATION OF MEDIA • LIVING MEDIA AND NON-LIVING MEDIA

  8. CELL CULTURE

  9. HOW ARE CELL CULTURES GROWN?

  10. CYTOPATHIC EFFECT - CPE • SOME VIRUSES, WHEN THEY INFECT A CELL, CHANGE THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE CELL IN VERY SPECIFIC WAYS.

  11. ANTIVIRAL AGENTS GENERALIZATIONS AMANTADINE TAMIFLU (RELENZA) A VARIETY OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS ACYCLOVIR, AZT, 3TC, DDI, DDC PROTEASE INHIBITORS INTERFERONS

  12. AMANTADINE

  13. AVARIETY OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS

  14. PROTEASE INHIBITORS AND INTERFERONS

  15. HEPATITIS VIRUSES HAV – 50% HBV – 30% HCV – 20% MODE OF TRANSMISSION CHRONICITY - CHRONIC OR ACUTE INFECTION TREATMENT/VACCINE

  16. UNCONVENTIONAL INFECTIVE AGENTS VIROIDS - 1967 SMALL CIRCULAR MOLECULES OF SINGLE STRANDED RNA COMPOSED OF 359 NUCLEOTIDES BEST STUDIED VIROID CAUSES DISEASE IN POTATOES 10X SMALLER THAN SMALLEST KNOWN VIRUS

  17. PRIONS INFECTIOUS SELF REPLICATING PROTEINS COMPOSED OF ABOUT 250 AMINO ACIDS 100X SMALLER THAN THE SMALLEST KNOWN VIRUS CAUSATIVE AGENT OF MAD COW DISEASE (BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY) AND TWO HUMAN DISEASES CREUTZFELDT - JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) KURU

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