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Marine Corps History

Marine Corps History. Post Vietnam Era Keeping the Peace 1976-1986. Post Vietnam Statistics :. Total Strength: 192,000 Enlisted 174,000 Officers 18,000 High School Grads: below 50% Drug Use: Not Tested Criminal Records: Not Checked Morale: Low Desertions: High

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Marine Corps History

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  1. Marine Corps History Post Vietnam Era Keeping the Peace 1976-1986

  2. Post Vietnam Statistics: • Total Strength: 192,000 • Enlisted 174,000 • Officers 18,000 • High School Grads: below 50% • Drug Use: Not Tested • Criminal Records: Not Checked • Morale: Low • Desertions: High • Violent Crime: High

  3. 1976 • Jul: Marines Evacuate American citizens from Beirut, Lebanon • Sep: Marines begin wearing the camouflage utility uniform • Nov: First annual Marine Corps Marathon held in Washington, DC

  4. 1977 • May: TBS graduates first male/female class • Jun: the billett “Director of Women Marines” is eliminated from the Corps (males and females are no longer considered separate parts of the Marine Corps) • Nov: Unit Deployment Program (UDP) replaces unaccompanied tours of duty to the Far East (maintain unit cohesion, enhance combat readiness)

  5. 1978 • May:Margaret A. Brewerbecomes the first female Brigadier General in the corps • Aug: CAX(combined arms exercise) becomes a part of Marine’s training for decades to come (Air/Ground Live Fire Training) • Oct: Commandant becomes a full member of theJCS (Joint Chiefs of Staff)

  6. 1979 • Feb:US Embassy(Iran)attacked and Marines abducted(held captive for one week) • Jun:US Embassy(Nicaragua)Marines help evacuate 1400asSandinistaforces overthrow Somozadictatorship • Oct:US Embassy(El Salvador) attacked • Nov:US Embassy(Iran) overrun and 65 Americans taken hostage • Nov: US Embassy(Pakistan)attacked and burned • Dec:Marine Corps establishes the Maritime Pre-positioning Force (MPF)

  7. 1980 • Mar: Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force (RDJTF) established • Apr: Operation “Desert One”fails to rescue hostages (Iran) • Total Strength: 188,000 • Enlisted 170,000 • Officers 18,000 • High School Grads: 80% • Drug Use: Not Tested • Criminal Records: Checked before allowed into Corps

  8. 1981 • Jan:52 American hostages freed after 444 days in captivity (Iran) • Advances: • CH53E Super Stallion (double the lift and in-flight refueling) • AV8 Harriers (aboard ship with helicopters) • M198 155mm Howitzer • Urinalysis testing, The War On Drugs Begins

  9. 1982 • Jun:Marines evacuate 580 U.S. citizens (Lebanon) • Sep:Marines take up positions at Beirut International Airport(responding to a massacre of innocent Palestinian refugees) • Oct:High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) replaced the Jeep &Meal Ready to Eat (MRE) replaced C rations • Dec: RDJTFreplaced with Central Command (CENTCOM) (Middle East, South West Asia, & Indian Ocean)

  10. 1983 • Jan:F/A-18 Hornetreplaces F-4 & A-4 • Feb:Kevlarreplaces steel helmet • Apr: U.S. Embassy bombed killing 61 (Lebanon) • Aug: Beirut Airport Marines under attack • Sep: Cease Firein effect but sniper fire continues • Oct: Grenada22MAU invades to stop a Communist coup • Oct: BeirutTruck bomb destroys BLT 1/8 building (241 dead) • Dec: U.S. Embassy bombed (Kuwait)

  11. 1984 • Feb: Beirut U.S. civilians evacuated & Marines withdraw • May: LCAC Landing CraftAirCushionin service • Sep: U.S. Embassy Annex Building bombed killing 23 (Beirut, Lebanon)

  12. 1985 • Jan:9mmBerettareplaces the.45 caliber pistol • Jun:Special Operations Capable(SOC) mandatory for deploying units • Jun:Communist Guerrillas kill four off-duty Marine Embassy Guards (El Salvador)

  13. 1986 • Mar: Libyan missile boats sunk during training exercise (Gulf of Sidra) • Mar: Libyan Terrorist bomb night club frequented by US Citizens(Germany) • Apr:U.S. bombs Libyan targets • Sep:Officers removed from SNCO Academies

  14. TBS UDP CAX MPF RDJTF MRE HMMWV CENTCOM SOC SNCO JCS SOC NEO TRAP SAR Acronyms: • MAGTF • CE • SE • GCE • ACE • MEU • MEB • MEF • MAU • MAB • MAF

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