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MIDDLE AGES …. church dominance

MIDDLE AGES …. church dominance. EARLY RENAISSANCE..... Experimentation Heaven to earth centered thought HIGH RENAISSANCE … Creative explosion Domination of Da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo Balance, control, reason. RENAISSANCE OF THE NORTH. Protestant Reformation

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MIDDLE AGES …. church dominance

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  1. MIDDLEAGES….church dominance EARLY RENAISSANCE..... • Experimentation • Heaven to earth centered thought HIGH RENAISSANCE… • Creative explosion • Domination of Da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo • Balance, control, reason

  2. RENAISSANCE OF THE NORTH • Protestant Reformation • Artist as individual (Durer) MANNERISM • Academic…imitation • Free…original expressions • Restless, anxious, distortion, uncertainty, unusual colors

  3. BAROQUE… • Change…political, scientific, philosophical, artistic • Counter-reformation • Passion, exuberance, “over-decorated wedding cake” • Rubens, Rembrandt

  4. ROCOCO… • Art for the aristocracy • Artificial, frivolous NEO-CLASSIC... • Perfection • Controlled by academies • Age of Enlightenment ROMANTIC… • Revolutionary

  5. REALISM… • The Truth IMPRESSIONISM… • Experiments with light, color, and atmosphere • Advances in technology…portable canvas & paints • Monet

  6. Post-Impressionism • First art to concentrate on a psychological perception of reality • Differs from other art in that it… • Simplifies • Omits Details • Concentrates on the significance of form

  7. Term Post-Impressionism loosely applies to artists between Impressionism and Pre-Modern • Labels now apply to ATTITUDE and to STYLE • By 1910…three main categories were obvious: • Expressionism • Abstractionism • Fantastic art • Each of these categories were established by a major artist: Van Gogh, Cezanne, Gauguin

  8. Two Peak Periods (from 1886-1905) • Question before…What does this painting represent? • Question now…What does this painting make us feel? • “A painting should have more in common with a piece of music than with a photograph”

  9. “Minor” Post-Impressionists • Seurat • Toulouse-Latrec • Rousseau

  10. Self Portrait 1875

  11. PAUL CEZANNE • Recluse…perfectionist • “Father” of Modern Art • Indifferent to “correct” art • “the artist’s task is to represent…NOT to reproduce…nature” • ….”make of Impressionism something solid”

  12. PAUL CEZANNE cont. • “….look for the cylinder, the sphere, and the cone” • art was a “visual research problem” • 1883…”bones of nature” • An artist must distort whatever in nature does not fit his/her concept of beauty • Cezanne must be studied for a long time

  13. PAUL GAUGUIN • Vocal, flamboyant, recognized • Wanted freedom…journeyed around the world in his search…wanted to return to the natural BUT with a modern expression • Became recognized as a symbolist and a liberator of color

  14. Gauguin cont. • Gauguin’s art aims at five qualities: • Ideational • Symbolist • Synthesis • Subjective • Decorative • Strong, selfish personality

  15. VINCENT VAN GOGH • ENTIRE LIFE A SEARCH FOR SELF AND SELF-EXPRESSION • Ten years of creative activity…completed three phrases: • a) August 1880-February 1886 • b) February 1886-February 1888 • c) February 1888-July 1890

  16. EARLY LIFE • Father: Minister of a Dutch Reformed Church • Van Gogh Family: Art and Religion • Brother Theo born 1857 • Age of 15, first job… • Eugenie Loyer • Tried teaching • Worked in bookshop • Studied Theology

  17. Religious work…Belgium • Returned home PHASE I • 1880…Studied art • 1881…Cousin Kee • Hand in flame incident • Clasina Maria Hoornik (Sien) • 1883…Returned to Parents • Margot Begemann • Opposition to marriage

  18. 1885…Death of Father • First interest in artwork • First exhibit in August, 1885 • Antwerp…Starvation • Interest in Japanese woodcuts

  19. JAPONISMECraze for all things Japanese 1867 … Paris Exposition Universelle • Embraced by the public • Japanese woodblock prints of particular interest to Impressionists and Post Impressionists • 1885 … Van Gogh began collecting Japanese prints • 1886 … Bing Gallery next door to Van Gogh’s apartment • 1887 … Van Gogh began to paint copies of famous Japanese designs • 1888 … Arles work shows influence … • Letter to sister … • “Theo wrote that he offered you Japanese woodblock prints. That is certainly the best way to understand which direction the light and colorful painting has taken. Here I need no Japanese woodblock prints, because I am here in Japan. This is why I only have to open my eyes and paint the impressions that I receive.”

  20. PHASE II • Moved to Paris • Associated with Impressionists • November 1887…Met Paul Gauguin

  21. PHASE III • Moved to Arles • Utopian art colony • October 23…Gauguin arrives in Arles • December 23…Rachel incident • March 1889…Townspeople petition • April 17…Theo marries Johanna Bonger • May 8, 1889…Vincent admitted to mental hospital • May 1890…Under care of Dr. Paul Gachet • July 27, 1890…Age of 37…shot himself • January 25…Death of Theo

  22. Legacy • Don McLean’s song “Vincent” • Anne Sexton poem “Starry Night”

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