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Bell Ringer

Bell Ringer. What types of chemical bonds exist?. Beanium Finish Fireworks Heinz 57. Bell Ringer. How many valence electrons do atoms want to obtain?. Chemical Bonding. A bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between two particles (atoms, ions or molecules). Why/How Bonds Formed?.

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Bell Ringer

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  1. Bell Ringer What types of chemical bonds exist?

  2. Beanium Finish Fireworks Heinz 57

  3. Bell Ringer How many valence electrons do atoms want to obtain?

  4. Chemical Bonding A bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between two particles (atoms, ions or molecules)

  5. Why/How Bonds Formed? • They are formed/broken during Chemical Reactions • Formed = release energy • Broken = absorb energy

  6. Why form a bond? Valence Electrons - want to achieve happiness “Octet Rule” - want a full valence shell = HAPPY!

  7. Types of Bonds Atoms Involved Ionic Covalent Metallic - metal and nonmetal - nonmetal + nonmetal - metal + metal

  8. Naming Compounds Jump Jump

  9. Kriss-Kross will make you... Find the correct formula for a compound!! • Use the oxidation #’s • Put the positive one first H+1 + O-2  H2O

  10. Criss-Cross practice +2 -1  CaBr2 Ca + Br +2 -1 Mg+ (OH)  Mg(OH)2 +2 -2 Sr2O2 SrO Sr + O

  11. Criss-Cross practice +1 -2  Na2Se Na + Se +3 -1  Fe(HCO3)3 Fe (III)+ (HCO3) +3 -3 Al + PO4  Al3(PO4)3  Al(PO4)

  12. Bell Ringer What would the oxidation number be for Iron in the following compounds: Fe2O3 FeS

  13. Bell Ringer What are the formulas for the compounds between: Oxygen and Phosphorus Iodine and Barium

  14. H2O Bonding Atoms combine to form compounds By bonding atoms together, their properties change I. Bonding H2 O2 A.Chemical Bond This is the attractive force between atoms or ions Results from the rearrangement of valence electrons B. Energy Changes As a chemical bond forms, atoms are brought to a lower energy state Free atoms have more energy than bonded atoms

  15. Naming Ionic Compounds Remember: A bond between a metal and a non-metal atom The metal keeps its name, and the non-metal ends in -ide KBr  CaCl2  Potassium Bromide Calcium Chloride

  16. Naming Ionic Compounds When you have more than two elements, refer to Ref. Table E. Sodium Hydroxide NaOH  (NH4)(NO2) Ammonium Nitrite KMnO4 Potassium Permanganate

  17. Labs Practice Kriss-Kross

  18. Bell Ringer What are the names of the following compounds: KCH3COO BaCr2O7

  19. + - Bonding As we said before, atoms can bond together by moving their valence electrons around Actually, atoms can either lose, gain or share electrons. This gives us several types of bonds e- e- e- e- e- Bonds between Atoms Ionic Bond Atoms transfer electrons Creates ions Forming ions An ion is formed when atoms lose or gain electrons Ion = Charged atom due to a loss or gain of electrons

  20. As pure elements, these seven elements form molecules containing two atoms HON – 17 Diatomic Molecules 3 H2 N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 I2

  21. As pure elements, these seven elements form molecules containing two atoms HON – 17 Diatomic Molecules 3

  22. Compound Naming Race

  23. Quiz 1. Barium Sulfate 2. CaO 3. Potassium Oxide 4. Na2CO3 5. Magnesium Oxide

  24. Quiz 6. SrCrO4 7. Barium Chloride 8. NaNO3 9. MgSO4 10. Beryllium Sulfite

  25. Bell Ringer What are the names of the following compounds: CoI3 MgSO4

  26. meow. Sodium Atom Chlorine Atom +11 -11 -10 +17 -17 -18 +1 -1 0 Total charge 0 Total charge a negative ion neutral Atom is considered neutral a positive ion Atom is considered Called an Anion Called a Cation In an ionic bond, one electron from sodium is transferred to chlorine Cation Positive ion due to the loss of electrons Anion Negative ion due to the gain of electrons Are you positive you lost the cat?

  27. Examples - Determine the type of ion shown and explain how it was made from a neutral atom. Ion Type of Ion How it was made K+ Ca+2 O-2 Br- cation Lost 1 electron cation Lost 2 electrons anion Gained 2 electrons anion Gained 1 electron

  28. Draw the electron dot formula for neutral atoms of Na and F 2 8 1 + - Na F All atoms want a full octet in their valence shell. This is a stable configuration. When ionic bonding occurs,the one valence electron in Na is transferred to F + Notice how both atoms have a full octet? Na F has gained an electron to get a total of 8. Na uses its full shell underneath as a full valence The attraction between the + and - ion causes the bond Review Ionic bonds 1. Electrons are transferred 2. Ions are created Cation lost e-,anion gained e- 3. Very strong bond. Has high melting and boiling points, and a very rigid structure 4. Creates ionic substances

  29. H H H H Covalent Bonds a. Electrons in bonds - No transfer of electrons - Electrons are shared between valence shell of atoms - Weaker bonds than ionic In covalent bonding, atoms get a full octet by sharing electrons between their valence shells Special Case Hydrogen and helium do not need 8 electrons, only 2 So the molecule H2 looks like

  30. Bell Ringer What are the formulas for the following compounds: Sodium thiocyanate Ammonium oxide

  31. Covalent Bonds In covalent bonding, atoms still want to achieve a noble gas configuration The octet rule But rather than losing or gaining electrons, atoms now share an electron pair. The shared electron pair is called a bonding pair

  32. Chlorine forms a covalent bond with itself • Cl2

  33. How will two chlorine atoms react? Cl Cl

  34. Cl Cl Each chlorine atom wants to gain one electron to achieve an octet

  35. Cl Cl Neither atom will give up an electron – chlorine is highly electronegative. What’s the solution –what can they do to achieve an octet?

  36. Cl Cl

  37. Cl Cl

  38. Cl Cl

  39. Cl Cl

  40. Cl Cl octet

  41. Cl Cl octet circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  42. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  43. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  44. Cl Cl This is the bonding pair circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  45. Cl Cl It is a single bonding pair circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  46. Cl Cl It is called aSINGLE BOND circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  47. Cl Cl Single bonds are abbreviated with a dash circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  48. Cl Cl This is the chlorine molecule, Cl2 circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets

  49. O2 Oxygen is also one of the diatomic molecules

  50. O O How will two oxygen atoms bond?

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