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Comprehensive Review of Biological Concepts: Life Characteristics and Cellular Functions

This comprehensive review covers key concepts in biology, including the characteristics of life, cellular structures, organelle functions, and the stages of cellular respiration and photosynthesis. It addresses the organization of life through different domains and kingdoms, explores genetic principles via Mendelian inheritance, and analyzes ecological levels and interactions. Ideal for students preparing for exams, this guide encapsulates essential themes in biology, facilitating a deeper understanding of life sciences.

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Comprehensive Review of Biological Concepts: Life Characteristics and Cellular Functions

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  1. Accelerated Biology review key

  2. Characteristics of life • T • F • F • T • T • T • F • F

  3. Name the domain • E • E • B • E • E • B,A • E

  4. Name the organelle • Mitochondria • Lysosome • Vacuole • Cell membrane • Nucleolus • Smooth ER • Cilia • Cytoplasm • Transport vesicle

  5. Put the organelles in order for the endomembrane • Nucleolus • Nuclear membrane • Ribosomes • Rough ER • Smooth ER • Transport vesicle • Golgi • Lysosome • Secretory vesicle • Cell membrane *some call be switched around

  6. Label parts of cell • A- vacuole • B- cell wall • C- Rough ER • D- nucleus • E- mitochondria • F- chloroplast • G- golgi

  7. Identify the kingdom • Fungi • Animalia • Plant • Monera • Protist

  8. Lytic or lysogenic • Lytic, host cell is bursting

  9. Designing experiments • Growth • Light • No light • Different amounts of light • If light affects growth of the plant then……educated guess

  10. Type of bond • covalent

  11. Acid or base • Acid • Acid • Neutral • Acid • base

  12. Properties of water • Surface tension and cohesion • Capillary action and cohesion and adhesion • Hydrophobic • Cohesion and adhesion • Hydrophilic, solute, solvent, solution

  13. What is the picture showing? • Dehydration synthesis

  14. Functional groups • Amino • Carboxyl

  15. What does it tell us? • Number of protons (electrons too if neutral) • Number of protons plus neutrons • Number or electrons • Number of protons plus neutrons • Valence electrons

  16. Concept map organic • No key- see teacher

  17. What organic compound • Lipid- phospholipid

  18. What organic compound • Lipid- steroid

  19. What protein level? • Alpha helix- secondary

  20. What organic compound? • Carbohydrate- disaccharide

  21. Analyze the enzyme graphs • No keys for the graphs- see teacher with questions

  22. Identify the type of transport • Diffusion • Active • Osmosis • Exocytosis • Facilitated diffusion

  23. Explain the movement of water • See teacher for questions

  24. Identify as photosynthesis, cellular respiration, or fermentation • CR • P • F • P • P, CR, F • CR, F • C.R, F • F • CR

  25. Identify stage of cellular respiration • Pre krebs • Krebs • Electron transport chain • Glycolysis • Pre and krebs • Electron transport chain • Electron transport chain • Glycolysis • krebs

  26. Identify the stage of photosynthesis • Light • Light • Dark • Light • Light • Dark • Dark

  27. Which cell has the highest surface area to volume ratio? • The smallest cell

  28. Identify the c word of cell division • Centrioles • Chromatin • Chromosomes • Chromatid • Centromere • Cell plate • Cleavage furrow

  29. Identify the stages of cell division • G2 • Metaphase • Anaphase • Prophase • Telophase • Cytokinesis • S

  30. Identify as mitosis or meiosis • Meiosis • Mitosis • Mitosis • Meiosis • Meiosis • mitosis

  31. Identify the mutation • Deletion • Duplication • Inversion • translocation

  32. Identify the nucleotide mutation • Deletion frameshiftmissense • Point silent • Insertion frameshift nonsense

  33. Protein synthesis • See teacher for answer

  34. Identify the function or definition of the terms below • Cut DNA • Build DNA • Glue DNA fragments • Break H bonds between DNA strands • Separate DNA fragments • Copy DNA • Noncoding section of gene • Coding section of gene • More than one type of DNA

  35. General genetics • Mendel • Character • Trait • Self-pollinate • Cross-pollinate • Homozygous • Heterozygous • Purebred or true-breeding • Pea plants

  36. Mendel worked with pea plants because • They have short generation times • They are easy to work with

  37. Type of inheritance • Codominance • Incomplete • Polygenic • Sex-linked • Codomiance • Dominance • Incomplete • Codominance • Polygenic • Dominance • Sex-linked

  38. Gamete combinations • TB, Tb, tB, tb • 25 percent • 50 percent • 50 percent

  39. What is this? • A karyotype

  40. Karyotypes • 44 • Metaphase • One • One • Three • Non-disjunction • 22 • 2

  41. What scientist? • D,W • D,W,L • D,W,L • L • L • M

  42. More on natural selection • F • F • T • T • F • F

  43. More on natural selection • T • F • T • F • T • F • F • T • T

  44. What evidence of evolution? • Homologous • Paleontology • Strata • Embryology • Bimolecular • Artificial selection • Biogeography • Relative dating • Sedimentary • Analogous • Vestigial • Homologous • Vestigial • Extinction • analogous

  45. species • Species • Hybrid infertility • Speciation • Temporal • Geographic • Hybrid breakdown

  46. species • Behavioral • Gametic • Habitat • Punctuated equilibria

  47. Level of ecology • Biosphere • Ecosystems • Organism • Population • Community

  48. Level of ecology • Community • Community • Population • Ecosystem • Population • Ecosystem • community

  49. General review of ecology • Microclimate • Abiotic factors

  50. Terrestrial biomes • Taiga • Tundra • Desert • Savanna • Tropical rainforest • Temperate deciduous forest • chaparral

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