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Chapter 2 Section 3

Chapter 2 Section 3 . The Chemistry of Life. Atom. Everything, living or non-living, is made of atoms Smallest part of matter or element Parts of the atom include the neutrons, electrons and protons. Element. A substance made of one type of atom Found on the periodic table.

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Chapter 2 Section 3

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  1. Chapter 2 Section 3 The Chemistry of Life

  2. Atom • Everything, living or non-living, is made of atoms • Smallest part of matter or element • Parts of the atom include the neutrons, electrons and protons

  3. Element • A substance made of one type of atom • Found on the periodic table

  4. Molecule • When two or more atoms join together H2O – water

  5. Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur C H N O P S 6 Common Elements in Living things

  6. Proteins • Base unit is called amino acids • Most abundant material in cell after water

  7. Protein Functions • Makes feathers, hair and spider webs • Hemoglobin – oxygen to body parts • Enzymes – chemical reactions

  8. Carbohydrates • Made of sugar • Cells use as a source for energy • Simple or complex carbs • Simple = one or a few sugars • Complex= many sugars

  9. Starch • Plants store complex carbohydrates as starch • Found in potatoes

  10. Lipids • Compounds that cannot mix with water • Store energy

  11. Fats and Oils • Store energy • Structures are almost identical • Fats – solid at room temp • Oils – liquid at room temp

  12. Phospholipids • Make the cell membrane Water loving Water fearing Water loving

  13. Nucleic acids • Made of base units called nucleotides • Blue prints of life • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

  14. The Cell’s Fuel • ATP • Adenosine triphosphate • comes from broken down food molecules

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