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Exploring the Essential Roles of Biomolecules in Biochemistry

This guide delves into the fundamental concepts of biochemistry, focusing on the structure and function of key biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It explains the importance of carbon bonds and structures like chains and rings, as well as the processes of condensation and hydrolysis in macromolecule formation. Additionally, it discusses the role of enzymes as biological catalysts and how changes in pH can affect enzymatic activity, highlighting the functional differences between carbohydrates and proteins.

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Exploring the Essential Roles of Biomolecules in Biochemistry

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  1. Bio Boot Camp Biochemistry

  2. Carbon

  3. Covalent bond

  4. Carbon double bond

  5. Carbon (and nitrogen) triple bond

  6. Carbon Chains Branched chain

  7. Carbon rings

  8. Carbon variety

  9. Monomer and Polymer

  10. Monomers are like legos… • You can put them together in whatever way you dream up!

  11. Condensation reaction

  12. Carbohydrate One saccharide, the monomer of a carbohydrate

  13. Carbohydrate polymers

  14. Cellulose

  15. Glycogen use and storage

  16. Lipids

  17. Cell membrane phospholipids

  18. Protein

  19. Nucelic acid

  20. Catalyst • Speeds up chemical reactions

  21. Enzyme

  22. pH

  23. Temperature

  24. Concentration

  25. Nucleus

  26. Ribosome

  27. Ribosomes role • http://translation on ribosome

  28. RER and Vesicles

  29. Golgi incoming and outgoing

  30. Rough ER and Golgi

  31. Two molecules join together to make a macromolecule with the removal of water. This type of reaction is called? • Glycolysis • Hydrolysis • Photosynthesis • Dehydration synthesis.

  32. A scientist observed that, when the pH of the environment surrounding an enzyme is changed the rate the enzyme catalyzes a reaction greatly decreases. Which statement best describes how a change in pH can affect an enzyme? • A pH change can cause the enzyme to change its shape • A pH change can remove energy necessary to activate an enzyme • A pH change can add new molecules to the structures of the enzyme • A pH change can cause an enzyme to react with a different substrate.

  33. Substance A is converted to substance B in a metabolic reaction. Which statement best describes the role of an enzyme during this reaction? • It adjusts the pH of the reaction medium • It provides energy to carry out the reaction • It dissolves substance A in the reaction medium • It speeds up the reaction without being consumed.

  34. Carbohydrates and proteins are two types of macromolecules. Which functional characteristic of proteins distinguished them from carbohydrates? • Large amounts of stored information • Ability to catalyze biochemical reactions • Efficient storage of usable chemical energy • Tendency to make cell membranes hydrophobic

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