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Understanding Memory: Insights from Ebbinghaus and the Foundations of Memory Psychology

Explore the revolutionary work of Hermann Ebbinghaus, the German psychologist who founded the experimental study of memory. Ebbinghaus utilized nonsense syllables to investigate memory retention and interference, unveiling key concepts like proactive and retroactive interference. Discover the different types of memory, including sensory, short-term, and long-term memory, along with their unique characteristics. Learn how memory is affected by prior knowledge and the challenges of forgetting. This guide provides an essential overview for students and enthusiasts of cognitive psychology.

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Understanding Memory: Insights from Ebbinghaus and the Foundations of Memory Psychology

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Memory • Ebbinghaus (1850-1909) - German Psychologist • Founder of the experimental study of memory. • Made up and memorized nonsense syllables -- JID, MOJ, GEP, REK • He memorized lists of this material. And would test himself after varying delays. • Savings method • learn a familiar list more quickly than an unfamiliar list.

  2. Memory for nonsense words over time % retention Hours since learning

  3. Why do students remember better than Ebbinghaus? • Proactive Interference. • Things you memorized before, interfere with recent memory • What if you had been memorizing lists and lists of nonsense words? • Would it affect your ability to remember a new list? • The first time you park in a large parking lot it is easy to remember where your car is. • What if you park there every day?

  4. Retroactive interference • New things you have learned interfere with memory of old items. • Learning new phone numbers at college, can interfere with the phone numbers you remember from home.

  5. The sensory store • A very brief storage of sensory information.

  6. Short-term memory • Short term memory is the memory you use to store information for a brief (about 20 second) duration. • Remembering a phone number • it is limited to 7 + 2 items in normal adults. • 5892753 • 2947563782056529

  7. Long-term memory • The memories of your life, and facts you have learned. • It has virtually an unlimited capacity • long term memories can last a life time

  8. Types of Long Term Memory • Semantic memory • Factual • Episodic memory • Picture yourself there • Procedural memory • Motor learning • Explicit memory • Conscious memories • Implicit memory • Unconscious memories • priming

  9. Clive Wearing • Abbreviated Clive Wearing Video • Full length Clive Wearing Video • False Memories • Elizabeth Loftus (False Memories)

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