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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. 1066-1485. Who was the last of the Anglo-Saxon Kings? King Harold Who defeated him? Duke William of Normandy When did it happen? October, 1066. 4. What was different about the Normans as compared to the Romans? They never left England!

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages 1066-1485

  2. Who was the last of the Anglo-Saxon Kings? • King Harold • Who defeated him? • Duke William of Normandy • When did it happen? • October, 1066

  3. 4. What was different about the Normans as compared to the Romans? • They never left England! 5. Why did William believe he has a right to the throne? • He was a cousin of the King Edward (the confessor) of England. King Edward had no sons, so he claimed the throne was promised to him since he was the only male relative.

  4. King William did not want to wipe out the Anglo-Saxons, he wanted to merge his culture with their culture…The Anglo-Saxons were already democratic and had an artistic flair for poetry, music, and dance… • What three qualities did the Normans bring to the Anglo-Saxon people living in England? • Administrative ability • Emphasis on law and order • Cultural unity

  5. 7. What is William’s first great administrative feat? Why was this feat important? • He inventoried nearly every piece of property in England. This was important because people could then be taxed based on what they owned.

  6. 8. What was the name of the new social order brought by the Normans? • Feudalism • Where did the model for the social hierarchy come from? • The Church

  7. When did training start for knights? Where did it take place? • Young boys were trained outside of their own homes so that training could be more strict • When a knight finished training, what title did he receive? • When he was dubbed a knight by being tapped on each shoulder ceremoniously, he was called “sir” . • Why would a knight have to accept a difficult challenge even if it would mean death? • Because of the code of chivalry

  8. The Code of Chivalry • Christian • Honest and Sincere • Loyal to King • Kind, even to enemies • Fight for JUST causes/willing to help those in need • Knights accepted the code because it reflected on all knights and not just the individual (hence, a knight would accept a challenge he knew he could not win)

  9. Women in Medieval Society: No Voice, No Choice 13. What determined the degree of respect a woman received? • Her husband or father’s social standing 14. Describe the daily life of a peasant woman. • Ceaseless round of childbearing, housework, and hard field-work

  10. 15. What is one of the ideas of Chivalry? • Adhering to one’s oath of loyalty • Never attacking an un-armed opponent • Was a woman within the reach of the knight who fought for her glory? • NO 17. How did he remain loyal to her and “represent” for her? • He wore her colors in battle, glorify her through his words, be inspired by her and her beauty 18. What form of literature did this create? • Romance Literature

  11. 19. What was the reason people started living in towns? • The population grew and people were getting paid for work 20. What is one thing that happened as a result of people moving into towns? • New entertainment developed • Middle class, “people’s art” • Drinking in bars instead of a shared mead hall • “bar wenches” • Stories became more silly or crude

  12. 21. What happened in England as a result of being exposed to the “higher” civilizations of the Middle East? • Eastern Mathematics • Astronomy • Architecture • Arts and Crafts

  13. Thomas a Becket

  14. King henry II

  15. 22. How did Thomas rise to power? • He was a friend of King Henry II 23. Who was the most powerful person in the church at that time? • The Pope 24. Why did Henry appoint Thomas as Archbishop of Canterbury? • He was hoping he could control the church because his friend was an upper official 25. What made the king mad at Thomas? • He took the Pope’s side

  16. 26. Why did the knights murder Thomas? Where did it happen? • King Henry was frustrated with him. Supposedly, King Henry was kidding when he said he wanted to get rid of Thomas, but the knight took him literally. We can’t really know for sure… It happened in his own cathedral. 27. How did the people react? • The people were outraged! 28. What is a result of the murder and/or the church during that time? • Corruption in the Church • Cultural Unity

  17. 29. Why did the English Royalty create and sign the Magna Carta? • To curb the power of the church

  18. 30. Why was the hundred years war fought? • Two British kings thought they had claim to the French Throne : Edward III and Henry V

  19. 31. For a long time, the knight in shining armor was the symbol of England. What became the new symbol of England? • The Green-Clad Yeoman with his longbow

  20. 32. What was the black death? • Bubonic Plague 33. How did it spread? • Rats and fleas 34. What is the result of the plague? • Reduced the population by 1/3 • Labor shortage/better chance to get jobs • More power for the remaining serfs/peasants • The end of feudalism

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