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Absolutism and Enlightenment

Absolutism and Enlightenment. Unit 5 By: Kayleigh Ratashak and Terrance Johnson. Absolutism. In 1516, Chares V became king of Spain Ruled as absolute monarch ABSOLUTE MONARCH = Ruler whose power is not limited by having to consult nobles, common people, or representatives.

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Absolutism and Enlightenment

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  1. Absolutism and Enlightenment Unit 5 By: KayleighRatashak and Terrance Johnson

  2. Absolutism • In 1516, Chares V became king of Spain • Ruled as absolute monarch • ABSOLUTE MONARCH= Ruler whose power is not limited by having to consult nobles, common people, or representatives

  3. Important Terms • Divine right: Belief that power is given to by God • Huguenots: French protestants, peasants • Court of Blood: the torture and execution of thousands of rebels

  4. More Important Terms • Deism: idea that God isn't actively working on Earth • Popular Soveignty: people have the POWER!! • Natural Science: understand through reason

  5. Important People • Charles V: King of Spain, absolute monarch, believed in Divine right, ruled through the 1500’s • Phillip II: King of Spain, came to power at 29 yrs. Shy, very religious, Tried to strengthen Catholic church • Louis XIII: Became King of France after Henry, was only 4 years old when h came into power, CARDINAL RICHEILEU advised Louis, He weakened nobles powers • Louis XIV: Only 14 when he came to power, called himself the “Sun King”, Believed in divine right, built Palace of Vesailles

  6. Important People Continued…. • This was also an Age of Enlightenment, people began speaking out against the church, they wanted to turn to science and figure things out for themselves! • Montesquieu: Believed in separation of powers and wanted humane punishments based on crime • Diderot: Attacked the church’s authority, believed in religious tolerance and appreciation for science • Voltaire: Believed in freedom of speech, universal laws exists for all, “evil is don when man strays from the laws”

  7. More Important People/Thinkers • John Locke: Believed that man kind was naturally kind and giving, thought bout natural rights and liberty for all • Adam Smith: believed that government should not interfere with business or distribution of wealth (Capitalism) • Thomas Hobbes: Thought man kind was naturally cruel, brutal, and solitary towards each other, was for strong authoritarian government and absolutism

  8. Important Dates/ Events • Dutch Revolt: Phillip raised taxes in the Netherlands and tried to end Protestantism • Duke of Alva forced to created Court of Blood, and thousands of rebels were executed • Dutch fought Spanish for 11 years before declaring independence • Spanish Armada: Spain and England were enemies, Queen Elizabeth supported Protestant rebellions and allowed ships to attack Spain • King Phillip ordered a fleet of Spanish ships to attack England • Spanish were defeated in 1588

  9. Important Events/Dates Continued… • Religious wars in France: Huguenots and Catholics fought 8 religious wars • When Henry IV came into power, many people didn’t like him because he was Protestant, so he converted to Catholicism • Edict of Nantes: Gave Huguenots limited freedom to worship

  10. Versailles • A grand spectacle of king’s power • Emphasized political strength • Served as the place of government for 100 years • Very prestigious

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