What was the ‘King’s Great Matter’?

1. What was the ‘King’s Great Matter’? The King’s Great Matter: concerned the annulment of Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon and his desires to marry Anne Boleyn; this was a complex situation which would ultimately lead to England’s break from the Catholic Church. • You had to create a cartoon strip that tells the story of how ‘the King’s Great Matter’ came about, what happened and the downfall of Wolsey using the information on pages 58-60 and the Starkey documentary. • Check through your partners work to make sure they have not missed anything and add anything they have in green pen. • Answer the following questions below based on your work: • Why did the need for divorce become so desperate in 1527 and on what grounds did he want one? • Why was getting a divorce going to be difficult? • What 3 approaches did Wolsey use? Why weren’t they successful? • Explain how it led to the downfall of Wolsey in 1529. • CHALLENGE: What was the main reason for Henry loosing faith in him and therefore Wolsey’s downfall?

2. In what ways and how effectively was England governed under Henry VIII? UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome How far did intellectual and religious ideas change and develop and with what effects? Key Words: How effectively did the Tudors restore and develop the powers of the monarchy? In what ways and how effectively was England governedduring this period? How important was the role of key individuals and groupsand how were they affected by developments?

3. Recap of Henry VIII so far… TASK: Individually, write down everything we have studied in lesson about Henry VIII so far… EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell

4. Sir Thomas More TASK: Read through the information on Sir Thomas More, and see how many words you can delete, without removing key information. As we saw last lesson Wolsey had tried to gain Henry a divorce and had failed, though this was because there was no easy solution. The person to immediately take his place was a man called Sir Thomas More. Considered as a poor replacement for Wolsey, More had a reputation of putting his principles above anything else. He held very strong humanists beliefs which he expressed in his books, such as Utopia (1516). Whilst his writings were very much favoured by Henry VIII, More was very sympathetic of Catherine and of Henry’s treatment of her, as well as his willingness to support those who wanted Church reforms as a way of obtaining his divorce. More was critical of some aspects of the Catholic Church, but like other humanists he remained convinced that reform could be achieved by steady persuasion rather than by drastic action. The fact that More was a man of high and rigid principles, especially with religious matters, meant that there were some real difficulties with his relationship with Henry as the divorce remained unresolved. As Chancellor, More was able to attack Lutheran influences within the Church, but struggled due to Anne Boleyn’s presence within the court. Despite More’s efforts, between 1529 and 1534 two clear objectives emerged: • To obtain the divorce that he desired (to be achieved by putting pressure on the on the clergy and Pope Clement VII not to oppose him) • A move towards actually challenge the Pope over who should take control of the English Church. No longer able to support Henry, More eventually resigned from his post in 1532. EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell

5. How was Henry able to get his divorce from Catherine? TASK: Create a flow diagram as to how Henry was able to eventually gain a divorce using the information provided. Use the diagram opposite to get you started… • CHALLENGE: • Who is responsible for Henry VIII getting his divorce in the end? • The last 2 paragraphs on page 70 talk about how Henry changed from a vague to an official policy. Read through those paragraphs again and write down the different arguments about why this was the case. Which one are you more convinced by and why? EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell

6. The Role of Cromwell TASK: As we watch the following clip, I would like you to document the role of Cromwell in helping to secure the divorce by answering the following questions: 18.51 How did Henry and Cromwell try to progress the case for divorce? What is the difference between a king and an emperor? How far was Henry’s new argument a matter of religion? 21.40-24.35 What was Parliament’s traditional role? How did Cromwell seek to expand this role? Why was Parliament important for this? What were the long term consequences of Cromwell’s use of Parliament? 24:35- 28.00 What were Cromwell’s motivations for helping to obtain a divorce? How similar were these to Henry’s motives? EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell

7. How was Henry able to get his divorce from Catherine? Now that we have at what happened, it is now time to think about who was responsible. TASK: Write down these different people/groups that can be considered responsible for the divorce. Order them from 1-6 (1 being the most responsible) and justify your decision. Parliament Cromwell EVALUATE who was responsible for the break with Rome UNDERSTAND how Henry was able to break with Rome EXPLAIN the role of Thomas Cromwell Henry VIII Cranmer Anne Boleyn Reformers CHALLENGE: Draw links between the different factors

8. FLIP LEARNING TASK: Go onto the blog and in the revision section there is a HENRY VIII Revision 2018 PowerPoint. Go to slide 13, and either recreate, or print off the Revolution in Government slide.