Climate and Vegetation Patterns: A Comprehensive Overview

1. Ch 7 sections 1 & 2 Review

2. 1 • _______________ is the average atmospheric or weather conditions in a given region during a time frame of several decades to thousands of years.

3. 2 • Wind is an indirect form of ____________________ energy.

4. 3 • The highest solar energy input is at ____________________.

5. 4 • ____________________ help redistribute heat from the sun, thereby influencing climate and vegetation, especially near coastal areas.

6. 5 • A desert is an area where ____________________ exceeds ____________________.

7. 6 • ____________________ occur in the interiors of continents in areas too moist for deserts and too dry for forests.

8. 7 • Global warming has caused the melting of ____________________ in the tundra, with the release of methane and carbon dioxide, both greenhouse gases.

9. 8 • Tropical savannas in East Africa have herds of ____________________ and ____________________ hoofed animals.

10. 9 • Temperate shrubland, or chaparral, is found along the coastal regions of ____________________ in the United States, the Mediterranean Sea, central Chile, southern Australia, and southwestern South Africa.

11. 10 • Soil nutrients are remarkably sparse in the ____________________, considering the overall high levels of biomass.

12. 11 • Vegetation layers in the tropical rain forests are structured mostly according to plants' need for ____________________.

13. 12 • Because of a slow rate of ____________________, temperate deciduous forests have nutrient rich soils.

14. 13 • Boreal forests are composed of a few species of coniferous evergreen trees with small, needle-shaped leaves. These trees can withstand the intense cold and ____________________ of winter.

15. 14 • Climate and vegetation vary with both latitude and _______________.