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French REVOLUTION

French REVOLUTION. BY: Julia Tobin & Maria DeMott. France Pre-revolution: Estates. The First Estate: The Clergy. This estate consisted of the Church and people who worked in it such as priests, nuns and bishops.

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French REVOLUTION

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  1. French REVOLUTION BY: Julia Tobin & Maria DeMott

  2. France Pre-revolution:Estates • The First Estate: The Clergy. This estate consisted of the Church and people who worked in it such as priests, nuns and bishops. • The Second Estate: The Nobles. Military people and noble knights made up most of this estate. • The First Estate: The rest of the population that made up 98%. This was made up of the middle class.

  3. France Pre-revolutionSocialProblems • The social problems before the revolution were mostly dealing with the middle class. • The middle class was the only class that had to pay taxes and were not even permitted to have hunting licenses.

  4. Economic problems • France’s trading had exploded between 1715-1771 they were in a close second to Great Britain's trade. • Not only was France’s trade rising so much, their population was too. By 1700 they went from 19 million to almost 26 million, without a concomitant of food production. • Farmer’s consumed around 80% of what they consumed, usually falling 10% short as well, so many people went hungry during a harvest. • Many people were also impacted when France’s textile mills created a lot of unemployment for their spinner’s and weaver’s. • With the loss of jobs, and no jobs available their economy came tumbling down.

  5. 1789The tennis court oath • The result of the discontent of the Third Estate • The Tennis Court Oath was when the self-governed people didn’t settle with he King, but made decisions for themselves. • First step of the revolution made by the Third Estate and united all of the members of the estate. • This was successful because one week later King Louis XVI made a meeting with the estate’s general to write a constitution

  6. 1789Storming of the Bastille • July 14, 1789 • Federation Holiday/ Bastille Day • In Paris, the fortress and prison known as the Bastille represented royal authority • This was the “flashpoint” or event that has a good chance of developing into war

  7. 1789The great fear • The Great Fear was a series of tales and rumors that scared peasants and villagers • Panic spread because rumors were going around saying that attacks would be put on towns and that government would seize the peasant’s crops • Peasant anger lead to violent attacks that slowed down after a period of time

  8. 1789The king and queen The king and queen were put into prison because they were ignoring the people and couldn’t do it anymore. They tried to escape confinement many times.

  9. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette • The national convention condemned King Louis the XVI to death, after declaring France a republic and charges Louis with his crimes against the people. • Marie Antoinette was beheaded after many years in prison and many attempts at escape, unlike her husband Louis she was treated like any other prisoner, except the 30,000 guards called to insure no chance of escape.

  10. Maximilien Robespierre Maximilien was known for his ‘Reign of Terror’, which was when anyone was opposed to his views they were judicially murdered by guillotine. He didn’t only believe in the “rights of man” but that man was ‘victorious’. He was elected to be the leader of the Committee or Public Safety, this instated his Reign of Terror. Robespierre had anyone who was remotely opposed to his ideas murdered. It is estimated that more than 25,000 people were killed because of their political views. Many were killed using the guillotine, others were destroyed by firing squads, cannon fire, and even drowning en masse. His reign ended with his death when he was charged of tyranny, him and 80 of his followers were sent to the guillotine. The Reign of Terror

  11. Constitution of 1795 • The constitution of 1795 established a liberal republic with a franchise based on the payment of taxes. • This constitution was very similar to the one in 1791 • The central government retained great power, including emergency powers to curb freedom of the press and freedom of association

  12. WOMEN’s rights! • Women were involved in almost all aspects of the war, but their roll was always proved to be controversial. • The status of women in family, society, and politics had been an issue of controversy. • Rousseau believed in their sheltered private life at home, as well as many other enlightenment believers. • Women were defined by their sex, and marriage status, not by their employment. • Women’s rights were virtually nonexistent.

  13. Reformation in France • New symbols undertook France, such as “liberty caps” and “citizen”, applying to all the social classes. Titles were eliminated. • Nationalism spread like wildfire through France, pride in their country became essential. • State schools were set up replacing religious schooling, organizations to help the poor, old soldiers, and war widows were set into affect. • A secular was created, a non religious calendar, marking Year 1, the year of freedom.

  14. Napoleon takes chargedictator • Napoleon had great success in being a general in the Revolution, leading and winning many battles. • Napoleon went from general to successful a political leader. • Eventually, he acquired enough power to become emperor, and the people supported him.

  15. Napoleon takes chargechanges and Napoleonic code • Napoleon tried to restore economy by controlling prices, building roads and canals, and encouraging new industry and business. • Set up schools under strict control for military officials and officers. • Napoleon fixed the relationship with the Catholic church and gave them freedom. • Made jobs “open to all talent”. • The Napoleonic Code: Didn’t allow privileges based on birth, allowed freedom of religion and gave government jobs to only those who are the most qualified.

  16. Napoleon takes chargeBuilding an empire • Napoleon crushed all opponents in battle. • The opposition could never predict his next move. • Successes in battle allowed him to get peace treaties from Austria, Prussia and Russia • Napoleon was able to build the largest empire since the Roman’s • Only Britain was left undefeated by Napoleon

  17. Napoleon’s downfall • Europe was a majority of monarchies and Napoleon was a Dictator, trying to take over all of Europe like he had France. This is why the rest of Europe disliked France and Napoleon.

  18. Napoleon’s downfalldefeat in Russia • Napoleon was defeated because he arrived in Moscow expecting to find food and shelter but instead found nothing. • With no back up plan, the troop was defeated and fewer than 20 thousand troops returned after entering battle with 500 thousand.

  19. Napoleon’s downfallNapoleon’s legacy • Napoleon’s impact is still around today. • Many laws are based on the Napoleonic Code. • In Paris there are still many monuments saluting him.

  20. Post revolution & stability • The congress of Vienna tried to contain France • Made the weaker countries that surrounded France stronger. • Made Fair settlements, no country was left holding a grudge • 18 years of peace in Europe

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