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Understanding Fungi: Characteristics, Nutrition, and Ecological Roles

Fungi, a kingdom of eukaryotic organisms, play crucial ecological roles as decomposers and symbionts. They exhibit unique characteristics, such as multicellular structures (except for some yeasts), chitin cell walls, and specialized thread-like cells called hyphae. Fungi are heterotrophic, obtaining nutrition by breaking down organic matter, feeding on living creatures, or through symbiotic relationships with plants and algae. Their reproduction can be asexual or sexual via spores, and they are essential to human life, contributing to medicine, agriculture, and ecosystem health.

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Understanding Fungi: Characteristics, Nutrition, and Ecological Roles

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  1. Domain Archaebacteria Domain Eukaryotes Domain Bacteria Common ancestor Kingdom: Fungi Eukaryotes

  2. General characteristics • Classification criteria • ___________________ • ___________________ • must feed off of others • mostly multicellular • except one-celled yeasts • ___________________

  3. Structure • Cells • long thread-like cells • multiple nuclei • cell wall • ____________________ • just like crab shells chitin cell wall septum pore nuclei

  4. How do Fungi get their Nutrition? fungal cells • Heterotrophs • ___________________ • ___________________ ___________________ • ___________________ • paralyzing prey • ___________________ • feeding on living creatures • ___________________ • breakdown dead remains plantcell wall plant cellmembrane plant cell Cool…Fungi live INtheir food! Chocolate cake,anyone?

  5. Ecological Roles • Decomposers • recycle nutrients • Symbiotic Relationships • ___________________ • fungi + algae • pioneer species in ecosystems • ___________________ • ___________________ • fungi + plants • _____________________________________

  6. Mycorrhizae • Critical role in plant growth • extends water absorption of roots withoutmycorrhizae withmycorrhizae Endomycorrhiza Ectomycorrhiza

  7. Reproduction • Asexual • budding in yeast • Sexual • ______________ • spread by wind gills onmushroom mushroom sporeson gills fungusgrowingin soil

  8. Fairy Rings

  9. Importance of fungi to humans • ___________________ • ___________________ • ___________________ • ___________________ • ___________________ penicillin

  10. Any Questions??

  11. Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle spores mating strain hypha sporangium MEIOSIS mating strain (2n)diploid (n)haploid FUSION of gametangia

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