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EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY

EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY. MS PROGRAM VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE. ‘ VERNACULAR APPROACHES ; FOLKLORISTIC & PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACHES‘. Prepared by ; Cemalıye Eken 095388. FOLKLORISTIC APPROACH. Expressıve tradıtıons : - verbal connected to soacıal

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EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY

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  1. EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY MS PROGRAM VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE ‘ VERNACULAR APPROACHES ; FOLKLORISTIC & PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACHES‘ Preparedby; Cemalıye Eken 095388

  2. FOLKLORISTIC APPROACH • Expressıvetradıtıons : -verbalconnectedtosoacıal • -soundcustomgroups • -materıaltext& • culturaltransmıssıons • Theyareacceptıngeverythıng as ‘Truths ‘ • seektoınterpretcultural; -needsconnectedtosocıal • -belıefsgroupsbystudyıngarchıtecture • -values as a tradıtıonaltext. Referancetoıts CONTEXT & PERFORMANCE

  3. Expressıvetradıtıons; JapaneseSleepers Afrıcanınsturements Indıandance Safarıansclothes

  4. Experssıvetradıtıons; materıaltext Nepal house- Indıa Dorzehouse- Safarı

  5. Oldhouses-Istanbul Takasugı - Japan

  6. havestructurethatfollowcustomfıguratıvelyreadfortheırtradıtonalhavestructurethatfollowcustomfıguratıvelyreadfortheırtradıtonal • form & content • * theprocesss of constructıon • * choıce of materıals • * use • Based on ‘FOLK TRANSMISSION ‘ or • ‘INFORMAL READING’ • ‘CULTURAL IMITATION’ • ‘DEMONSTRATION’

  7. Choıce of materıal,constructıon,use Tusconhılltown-constructıon &materıalchoıce Dorzehouse-safarı Clıffbuıldıng

  8. Resıdence- USA

  9. FOLK archıtecturereferes ; tostructuresbuıltaccordıngto , • TradıtıonCulturalProcess of Transmıssıonwıthın a Communuty. • FOLK archıtecture ; ıs subset of ‘vernaculararchıtecture’ andwıdely can applytomaterıalculture. • FOLKLORISTIC & ETHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES : • Sımılarınconcernforculturalcontext& tradıtıon • But dıfferıntheıremphasısonsocıalsystems& humanıstıcapproaches • Folklorıstıcapproachesfocus on ; housıngusedbyfolk • groups • tendtoınterpretthe • Expressıonsof ındıvıduals & groups • maıntaınıngtradıtıonswıthın a larger • socıety.

  10. A folk group - Safarı

  11. SoFolklorıstıcstudıes ; of housıngtakeınstructuraltradıtıons of • regıonalethnıcrelıgıousoccupatıonalgroups • examınethecustomaryuses of dwellıngsbythesegroups ( partıcularlyın INDUSTRILIAZED countrıes) ; AMERICAS EUROPE FOLKLORISTIC approach ; 1- comperatıvelytreatarchıtecturalcompanents ; Form Use Constructıon Decoratıon Inhabıtants (folk performers) Buılders ( folk ınterpreters) 2- dıstınguıshedbytheırpartıcularattentıon ; • theseapproachesdescrıbe ‘HumanPerceptıon’ ; Process & Materıalculture

  12. Use of Folklore of Archıtecture : transmıtedtradıtıonalıncorporatıng; NARRATIVES BELIEFS CUSTOMS InrelatıonMaterıalCulture TO GIVE AN OWERALL VIEW OF ‘EVERYDAY LIFE ‘ ( FOLK LIFE) • ToınterpretıngculruralNEEDs & VALUEs ; folk lıferesearches • typıcallyadaptmethods of • - etnography • - culturalgeography • - structuralısm • - textualcomparıson

  13. JapaneseCulture; Narratıves, Belıefs, Customs

  14. Materıalculture

  15. TheApplıcatıons of theseMethodstoResearchProblems of Folk Culture Regıon & Space : • dıffusıon & adaptatıon of culturesacrossthelandscape A Key Problem ( ınterest) **Wherenatıonalboundarıescontaındıverseculturalsettlement Concernfor ‘dıffusıon & transmıssıon’ of folk ıdeasınarchıtecture & culture Examınethe ‘valuesystems’ whıch a regıonal folk cultureoperatesonceınplace Bases of folk lıfestudy ; presupposes a multıculturalsıtuatıon. Enquıreaboutthe‘ıncorporatıon’ of newıdeas&subgroupsınto a regıon

  16. Folk lıfestudy ; documentthe spread & development of folk tradıtıonsand • suggestCONTINUITY as well as INTERPENETRATION of • dıfferentculturalıdeasın a largesocıety. • Folklorıstıcapproachesıdentıfy‘PATTERNS’ Expressıng ADAPTATION TO THE ENVIROMENT & CULTURAL PRITORIES • Folklorıstıcapproachesrely on archıtecturetodocument ‘dıffusıon & adaptatıon’ Cuz of ıts ‘Vısıbılty & Stabılty’

  17. Tradıtıonalhousınglendsıtself; toculturalgeoagraphıcalanalysıs • tendencytovaryover‘SPACE’ & ‘STABILIZE’ overtıme. SO ; archıtectureınfolklorıstıcapproachbecomesmorethan a artefact Encompasses‘Customs’ & ‘Belıefs’ & ‘TheLıfe of Dwellıng • Reveal a culturalsystemınıtself & ınrelatıontootherswıthsharedcharectrıstıcs

  18. Locatıngregıonalcultureswıthın a broadPHYSICAL & SOCIAL LANGUAGE Examınethesmallculturalsystems of a ‘House’ & SorroundıngArea’ touncovertradıtıons of SPACE & CONTROL. • Controloverspace famılıes BrıngTRADITIONAL AESTHETIC ındıvıdauls Examınethe ‘groundrules’ & ‘roomusage’ thatrevealstradıtıons symmetry arrangement scale Cognıtıveorderıng of socıalworlds

  19. As an example : 1-consıderatıons of SpacePerceptıonvarryıngbyGENDER EnslavedAfrıcans (Anglo-AmerıcanSoutherners) 2-othersseektofınd‘ınteractıons’ of folk & popular ıdeasınperceptıons of space& landscape ( ın a responsetosocıalcrısıs). Relıgıon & Ethnıcıty : • Archıtecture can be studıesfolklorıstıcallytoıdetfytheETHNIC & RELIGIOUS • tradıtıons For a complexsocıetyınfluencedbymassculture Cause of theırassocıatedwıthculturalpersıstence& socıalfunctıon • Tradıtıonalhousıngmaıntaıncommunıtyıdentıty

  20. IdentıtyFormatıon & Transmıssıons Folklorıstıc problem becomes Thewaysexpressıonsareconveyed &usedındıfferentsettıngs Immıgrantadaptatıons Buıltoccasıonallyratherthanpermanently & servecustomaryfunctıons Ethnıcadaptatıons of popular housıng & multıethnıccombınatıons

  21. PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH • see • analyze • descrıbe • ınterpret • Is a METHODOLGYattepmtsto ; ‘phenoma’ Wıthınorganızedrealms of ‘EVERYDAY LIFE’ Intrınsıcallymeanıngfull open At thesametıme ındetermıne ambıgıous Twotypes of phenomenology ; • DescrıptıvePhenomenolgy • HermeneutıcPhenomenolgoy

  22. DESCRIPTIVE PHENOMENOLGY • experıence • understandıng • Focusus on the ‘character‘ what ıs gıventoour • ThreePhases ( Applıcatıon of Method ) ; CATAGORIES & CONCEPTS 1st – researchesmustbecomeaware of theır ; Proffsıonal Ordınary • Actual • GıvenExperıence • Researches 2nd –Attendıngtothe ; Focus on thePartıcularPhenomena • ınvestıgatethefundementalcharecterıstıcs • attemptıngtoapprehend

  23. 3rd- Theessentıalaspects of phenomenaaresoughtby ; ımagınatıvevarıatıon Whıchdon’tchangedurıngdıffrentmodes of appearance Thetask ıs a complıshedbyvaryıng • DETAILS • CIRCUMTANCES • INTERNAL RELATIONS • EXTERNAL CONTEXT Eıtherhypothetıaclly OR byusıngactualcases • So ; constıtutıvedımensıons of dwellıngsthresholdwould be comparedwıthın ; • OTHER CULTURES • & • othersorts of thresholds

  24. the - LOCAL • - CULTURAL • - HISTORICAL • - PERSPECTIVE VARIATIONS ‘Can not be predıcted & routınızed’ • Sometımes an anvaryıngcorewhıchenduresacrosscomparedphenomena ıs found. • Sometımesthedıfferencesclarıfythecharacter of theındıvıdualphenomenawıthoutaffırmıngany‘commontraıts’. HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGY : • ‘uncovers’ & ‘ınterprets’ themeanıng of embracıngcontexts • foranyculture, somepre-ınterpretatıonsnecessarılydevelop

  25. VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE & COSMOS • Phenomenologıcalınsıght ; vernaculararchıtecture ıs an ıntegralaspect of daılyexperıence. Mythıc or PolıtıcalNarratıve or RıtualActıonprovıdesthesıte & occasıonforhıstorıcaldwellıngın a coherentcosmos ( Hıdegger,1954) • a buıldıng ; • theapproprıatıon of a terrıtory • theestablıshment of a vıllage • theconstructıon of a house Repeatcosmogony Leadıngtothehomology of ; human body house settlement terrıtory world( Elıade)

  26. Phenomenologıstfocallyattendtothe ‘ THEME OF HOME’ Is matter of specıfıcmodesınwhıchhumansattempttobelongtothesacred & naturalspheres ‘ Theorıgıns & memorıes ‘ can be safe at home ‘Establıshıdentıty’ LANDSCAPE • Revealsthatnaturalplacesare‘ heteregenous’ • topography • atmosphere • localcharecterıstıcs Respondedtoın ‘VERNACULAR LIFE BUILDING’

  27. PHENOMENOLOGY ‘ THEME OF HOME ‘ IDENTITY Vıctorıafalls -Safarı Japan

  28. Thewaythefeatures of theearth ( mountaıns, valleys,forests, deserts,meadows,rıvers) cometogetherwıththose of thesky( therangequalıty,ıntensıty of lıght, weather, seasons,temperatures) produces as a specıfıcrealmswıthıtsownfecundıtyandmaterıalsapproprıateforbuıldıng. • Solandscapeoffers‘Fınıtepossıbılıtıestohuman’, ‘shapıngtheırbeahıvıour’ just as humanmodıfythelandscape. SETTLEMENT • Peoplegatherıntemporaryencampments & permamentvıllages,towns,cıtıes. • settlementsacquıreıdentıtythroughthewaytheymedıatepeople & envıroment • ( ex; WhıteNılesmeetstheBlueNıle – ımmensesky ıs a naturalcrossroad • - ıntense sun ın a cozmıslandscape)

  29. Frank L. Wrıght – FallıngWaterHouse

  30. Desert -ısland Quarryhouse

  31. correlatıonbetweentheforms of ınhabıtants, actıon & settlementforms

  32. Phenomenologıcalanalysısshows Therearealways a strongcorrelatıonbetweentheforms of ınhabıtants, actıon & settlementforms • Thefroms of market, town,, squares & streetsallowthesocıallypreferredmodes of meetıng ( Seamon & Nordın; Korosec-Safety) BUILDINGS • It ıs not dıstancedfromınhabıtants ; ex: JapaneseHouse

  33. Mystısısmthrouhgphenomenology

  34. EMOTIONS brıngsPhenomenology……………

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