1 / 7

Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle East: Struggles for Independence

Explore the significant nationalist movements across Africa and the Middle East, focusing on Kenya, South Africa, Egypt, Turkey, Iran, and Palestine/Israel. Learn about the anti-colonial struggles led by figures like Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya and the fight against apartheid in South Africa. Discover how Pan-Africanism and Pan-Arabism emerged, emphasizing unity among oppressed peoples. Witness the historical context of Egypt's independence in 1922, the reforms in Turkey under Ataturk, and the complex dynamics in Palestine and Israel after World War II.

seven
Télécharger la présentation

Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle East: Struggles for Independence

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 29 section 2 • Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle East • Kenya • South Africa • Egypt • Turkey • Iran • Palestine/Israel

  2. Kenya • Nationalist movement (anti-European) • remove British colonialism from Kenya • Led by Jomo Kenyatta • British rule meant • African second class citizenship in their homeland • must carry ID cards • curfew • restricted where they could live • imposed taxes • isolated from best jobs and most fertile lands • Movement was a populist movement • not military in nature • civil protest and rioting

  3. South Africa • Nationalist movement was race based • Apartheid • Dutch and then British colonialism had created a system of laws and rules that subjugated black Africans to second class status • segregation • no suffrage for blacks (disenfranchisement) • unequal pay • eviction from best lands • Pan-Africanism • movement that emphasized unity among African people throughout the world

  4. Marcus Garvey • Jamaican-born American • “Africa for Africans” • W.E.B. DuBois • organized Pan-African Congress 1919 • Egypt • the only African colony to actually gain independence during the Pan African Movement • gained independence from Great Britain • Unity among various Egyptian factions combined with Britains weakened state after WW I brought independence in 1922 • puppet government under King Faud

  5. Turkey • Fall of the Ottoman Empire opens door to Turkish independence. • Ataturk (Mustafa Kemal)- lead a movement to westernize and modernize Turkey • created laws based upon western models • liberalized attitudes towards women • public education • western calendar • introduced western script (no Arabic) • forceful ruler • resented by Muslim clerics

  6. Iran • Modeled reforms after Turkey • Raza Khan • Pan-Arabism • nationalism based upon common heritage of all Arabs • free Arabs from influence of Europe • Most Arabs aided the Allies during WWI in the hopes that the Ottomans would be defeated • Allies hinted that if Arabs helped them that they would be given freedom as payment

  7. After the war however France and GB carved the Middle East into a number of Mandates (areas of influence) • Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco,Lebanon, Israel/Palestine • Palestine is the Holy Land to 3 major religions • Christianity, Islam Judaism • Britain controls this region after WW I • Balfour Declaration set up “national home for Jewish people” • Arab Palestinians cry foul • After WW II displaced European Jews look for a place to settle.

More Related