1. Chapter 2, Section 2 Egypt’s Old Kingdom

2. Old Kingdom • 2600 - 2300 B.C. – Old Kingdom • During this time Egypt built cities, expanded trade and established a strong government.

3. Pharaohs • Egyptian king • Lived with their families in grand palaces • Considered the son of Re, the Egyptian sun god. • The Pharaohs’ word was law.

4. Religion • Egyptians worshiped many dieties, or gods and goddesses. • They believed the dieties controlled the forces of nature and human activites.

5. Important Egyptian Gods • Re – Sun God • Hapi – ruled the Nile River • Isis – represented the loyal wife and mother and ruled over the dead with Osiris • Osiris – husband of Isis

6. Life After Death • Egyptians believed that life in the next world would be better than life on Earth. • Egyptians studied the Book of the Dead, which contained spells and prayers, so that they would be granted life after death. • Egyptians believed the body must be preserved so that the spirit can reach the next world.

7. Embalming • Preserves and protects the body of the dead • Steps of embalming: 1. Priests remove organs 2. Salt (natron) is applied to the body. 3. The body dries for several days. 4. Body if filled with spices and perfumes. 5. Body is cleaned with oils and wrapped tightly with strips of linen. • The wrapped body is called a mummy.

8. Mummy found in Cairo

10. Medicine • From embalming, Egyptians learned a lot about the human body. • They became skilled at setting broken bones and sewing up cuts. • They learned to use herbs and drugs to treat sickness. • First specialists and first medical books.