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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Where Do Fungi Fit In?. Eukaryote. Where Do Fungi Fit In?. Protista. Fungi. Animalia. Plantae. Most Closely Related Kingdom?. Ancestral protists. Kingdom Fungi. Although often mistaken for plants, fungi are unique from both plants and animals

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi

  2. Where Do Fungi Fit In? Eukaryote

  3. Where Do Fungi Fit In? Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae

  4. Most Closely Related Kingdom? Ancestral protists

  5. Kingdom Fungi • Although often mistaken for plants, fungi are unique from both plants and animals Main Characteristics of Fungi • Mostly Multicellular • NO photosynthesis: heterotrophic • Mostly terrestrial • Mostly decomposers • Cell wall made from chitin (a carbohydrate) • reproduce sexually (using spores) and asexually

  6. What is a Mushroom? • Fungi mostly grow out of sight as filaments underground, or within their food • We tend to only notice them when we see their spore-releasing sexual organs called fruiting bodies, or more commonly called mushrooms • Agaricusbisporus“white button mushrooms”

  7. General Structure of Fungi • Fungi are composed of HYPHAE (elongated cells that form a branching filamentous structure) • Many hyphae are divided into individual cells by cell walls called SEPTA.

  8. Non-Septate Hyphae

  9. Septate Hyphae

  10. General Structure of Fungi • multiple hyphae forming a branching network of filaments is called a MYCELIUM

  11. General Structure of Fungi • multiple hyphae forming a branching network of filaments is called a MYCELIUM

  12. General Structure of Fungi

  13. Five Major Phyla Kingdom Fungi

  14. Phylum: Ascomycota • Key Features: • sexual spores formed in sac-like “ascus” • Important to humans for fermentation, and food • Very diverse

  15. Phylum: Ascomycota • Examples of ascomycetes: • Yeasts • Truffles • Morels • Dutch Elm disease • Chestnut blight

  16. Phylum: Basidiomycota • Key Features: • Produce “mushroom-cap” fruiting bodies • Mostly decomposers • Includes puffballs, and bracket fungi

  17. Phylum: Zygomycota • Key Features: • Mostly soil fungi • Includes bread and fruit moulds • Multinucleate hyphae • Non-septate

  18. Phylum: Chytridiomycota • Key Features: • Mostly decomposers • Some unicellular, some multicellular • Some have “swimming spores”

  19. Phylum: Glomeromycota • Key Features • All form symbiotic relationships with plant roots

  20. Extracellular Digestion • Fungi grow beside or on their food source • They excrete digestive enzymes into the surrounding environment • These enzymes breakdown their food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed into the hyphae

  21. Symbiotic Relationships in Fungi • Lichen • Partnership between fungus and cyanobacteria, or green algae • Fungus provides structure, can digest / absorb nutrients and water and can protect from harsh conditions • Cyanobacteria or algae produce sugar (food)

  22. Lichen

  23. Lichen

  24. Lichen

  25. Symbiotic Relationships in Fungi • Mycorrhizae • Partnership between fungus and plant roots • Fungus provides increased capacity for absorption of nutrients and water • Plant produces sugar (food)

  26. Mycorrhizae

  27. Life Cycle of a Fungi

  28. Life Cycle of a Fungi

  29. Life Cycle of a Basidiomycete

  30. Life Cycle of a Basidiomycete

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