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Cell Reproduction

Cell Reproduction. 4.3 DNA. What is DNA? DNA - an organism information code contained in the nucleus, deoxyribonucleic acid History of DNA Franklin discovered two strands of molecules in spiral form A DNA Model Watson and Crick - ladder form 2 strands.

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Cell Reproduction

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  1. Cell Reproduction 4.3 DNA

  2. What is DNA? • DNA - an organism information code contained in the nucleus, deoxyribonucleic acid • History of DNA • Franklin discovered two strands of molecules in spiral form • A DNA Model • Watson and Crick - ladder form • 2 strands

  3. Sides are sugar-phosphate molecules • Deoxyribose • Phosphate group • Rungs are Nitrogen bases • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Cytosine (C) • Thymine (T) • Rungs are in Pairs • Guanine - Cytosine • Thymine - Adenine

  4. Copies of DNA • DNA unwinds and becomes a pattern • Copies are identical to the original • Genes • DNA controls all traits • Traits depend on proteins • Proteins made out of amino acids • Gene - the section of DNA on a chromosome that directs the makings of proteins.

  5. RNA • RNA - carries codes for making proteins to the ribosomes, ribonucleic acid • Made of one strand • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Cytosine (C) • Uracil (U) • RNA is made in the nucleus on a DNA pattern

  6. Three types of RNA • Messenger RNA (mRNA) • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) • Transfer RNA (tRNA) • Mutations • Genes control the traits organisms inherit • Occasionally a cell receives an extra chromosome • Mutation - any permanent change to a gene or chromosome

  7. If mutations happen in sex cells, all cells formed from that sex cell will have mutations • Mutations contribute to variety • Can be harmful, neutral, or beneficial

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