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Land Biomes

Land Biomes. Land Biomes. Biome- geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems. Land Biomes. The 6 most common biomes are: Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rain Forest Grassland Desert. Land Biomes. Tundra. Found in parts of Canada, Alaska, and Siberia.

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Land Biomes

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  1. Land Biomes

  2. Land Biomes Biome- geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems

  3. Land Biomes The 6 most common biomes are: • Tundra • Taiga • Temperate Deciduous Forest • Tropical Rain Forest • Grassland • Desert

  4. Land Biomes

  5. Tundra Found in parts of Canada, Alaska, and Siberia

  6. Tundra – “The Cold Desert” • Found at latitudes around the North Pole • Less than 25 cm precipitation yearly • Very cold year round (-40ºC in winter) • Cold, dry, treeless region

  7. Tundra – “The Land of the Midnight Sun” • Winter lasts 6 to 9 months with no daylight • Summer is short and cold with 24 hours of sunlight a day

  8. Tundra- • Soil is poor • Permafrost • Layer of permanently frozen soil

  9. Plants of the Tundra Tundra plants are resistant to drought and cold Examples: • Reindeer moss (a lichen!) • Lichens • True mosses • Grasses • Small shrubs and flowers

  10. Plants of the Tundra Tundra plants are resistant to drought and cold Tundra plants are small (usually less than 12 inches tall) and low-growing due to lack of nutrients, because being close to the ground helps keep the plants from freezing, and because the roots cannot penetrate the permafrost. Plants are dark in color—some are even red—this helps them absorb solar heat. Some plants are covered with hair which helps keep them warm. Some plants grow in clumps to protect one another from the wind and cold. Some plants have dish-like flowers that follow the sun, focusing more solar heat on the center of the flower, helping the plant stay warm. http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/

  11. Plants of the Tundra • Reindeer moss – It’s a lichen!

  12. Plants of the Tundra • Lichens

  13. Plants of the Tundra • Lichen

  14. Plants of the Tundra • True Mosses

  15. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

  16. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

  17. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

  18. Plants of the Tundra • Grasses

  19. Animals of the Tundra Many animals of the tundra migrate there during the short summer Examples: • Biting insects • Snowy owls • Arctic hares • Caribou • Musk oxen • Lemmings

  20. Animals of the Tundra • Biting insects Mosquito Blackfly

  21. Animals of the Tundra • Snowy owl

  22. Animals of the Tundra • Arctic hare

  23. Animals of the Tundra • Caribou – “Reindeer”

  24. Animals of the Tundra • Musk oxen

  25. Animals of the Tundra • Lemmings

  26. Animals of the Tundra • Lemmings

  27. Taiga or Coniferous Forest Found in parts of Canada, Alaska, and Russia

  28. Taiga or Coniferous Forest • World’s largest land biome • Latitudes between 50ºN and 60ºN

  29. Taiga- • Warmer and wetter than the Tundra • Winters are long and cold • 35 to 40 cm of precipitation yearly (mostly snow)

  30. Plants of the Taiga There is no permafrost, so trees can grow. Mosses and lichens grow on the forest floor. Examples: • Cone-bearing Evergreen trees • Firs • Spruces • Pines • Hemlocks • Cedars

  31. Plants of the Taiga There is no permafrost, so trees can grow. Mosses and lichens grow on the forest floor. many trees are evergreen so that plants can photosynthesize right away when temperatures rise many trees have needle-like leaves which shape loses less water and sheds snow more easily than broad leaves waxy coating on needles prevent evaporation needles are dark in color allowing more solar heat to be absorbed many trees have branches that droop downward to help shed excess snow to keep the branches from breaking http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/

  32. Plants of the Taiga • Fir tree

  33. Plants of the Taiga • Spruce tree

  34. Plants of the Taiga • Hemlock tree

  35. Plants of the Taiga • Liverwort (a moss)

  36. Plants of the Taiga • Mosses

  37. Animals of the Taiga Many animals live in the Taiga. Examples: • Moose • Black Bear • Lynx • Wolves • Badgers • Wolverines • Ermines • Deer

  38. Animals of the Taiga • Moose

  39. Animals of the Taiga • Black bear

  40. Animals of the Taiga • Lynx

  41. Animals of the Taiga • Wolf

  42. Animals of the Taiga • Badger

  43. Animals of the Taiga • Wolverine

  44. Temperate Deciduous Forest Found in Europe, the eastern part of the U.S.A., and China

  45. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Found below 50ºN latitude • 75 to 150 cm precipitation yearly

  46. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Wide range of temperatures with 4 seasons • Below freezing in winter to 30ºC in summer

  47. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Soil is rich in nutrients from layers of decomposing leaves

  48. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Layers of vegetation • Canopy • Understory • Forest floor

  49. Layers of Vegetation Canopy- tree tops that shade the ground below Understory- shrub layer Forest floor- dark and moist layer of dead leaves, twigs, and seeds

  50. Layers of Vegetation Canopy

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