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Feudalism

Feudalism. Definition: A political and military system based on exchange of land for protection. Classes. Kings and Queens Church Officials / Nobles Knights Peasants. Kings and Queens web.ecomplanet.com/KIRK6479/ServerContent/MyCustomImages/KIRK6479CustomImage1684173.jpg.

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Feudalism

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  1. Feudalism Definition: A political and military system based on exchange of land for protection

  2. Classes Kings and Queens Church Officials / Nobles Knights Peasants

  3. Kings and Queensweb.ecomplanet.com/KIRK6479/ServerContent/MyCustomImages/KIRK6479CustomImage1684173.jpg • Chief feudal lord

  4. Church Officials / Nobles • Holders of much of the wealth in Western Europe during the Middle Ages • Church officials taxed the people in addition to what the lords did

  5. Knightswww.danikkdesign.com/portfolios/nicole/images/knights.jpgKnightswww.danikkdesign.com/portfolios/nicole/images/knights.jpg • Armored horsemen • Must be judged worthy of being a Knight

  6. Peasantshumanities.uchicago.edu/homes/VSA/images/peasants.jpegPeasantshumanities.uchicago.edu/homes/VSA/images/peasants.jpeg • Poorest of the classes • Bound to land – unlike slaves who could be sold off the land • Paid taxes to • Lords • Church

  7. Feudalism • Influenced greatly by nobles • Ruled and protected people • Controlled land • Had own coinage • Collected taxes • Subordinates had to provide military system • Built and lived in fortresses (castles) • Played war games as well as fought battles

  8. Vassalswww.uhb.fr/scd/fonds/vassal.jpg • Served higher lord in exchange for land and protection • Raised own army • Made payments (taxes) to lords • Daughter’s marriage • Ransoms • Sons knighted

  9. Castleswww.unf.edu/classes/freshmancore/coreabroad/pictures/2001Lisbon/obidos-castle-PH2430.JPGCastleswww.unf.edu/classes/freshmancore/coreabroad/pictures/2001Lisbon/obidos-castle-PH2430.JPG • Lived in by nobles • Stone walls w/ lookouts • Moats • Drawbridges and iron gates • Self sufficient

  10. www.castles.org/Kids_Section/Castle_Story/images/kidcastle1.jpgwww.castles.org/Kids_Section/Castle_Story/images/kidcastle1.jpg

  11. Social lifewww.kingdomofacre.org/ jousting.html • Built around war • When not fighting > playing war

  12. Role of Womenhumanities.ucsd.edu/courses/images/Image2Hum3.jpg • Kept house • Had and raised babies • Made cloth • Defense of the home

  13. Knightspapayne.rootsweb.com/knight-2.jpeg • Followed CODE OF CHIVILRY • Honor the following: • Heavenly lord • Earthly lord • Chosen lady • Progression of Knighthood • Age 7- trained as page • Age 15 – trained as squire • Dubbed as knight when ready to be a worthy fighter

  14. Role of Church The most important unifying and stabilizing institution in Western Europe in Dark Ages

  15. Parish Priest In charge of local parish Responsible for religious instruction Could perform 5 of 7 sacraments Bishop Managed group of parishes called diocese Jobs controlled by king or powerful nobles (lay investiture) Most were feudal lords themselves Roles of Local Church Leaders

  16. Upper Church Leadership • Several diocese made up a archdiocese controlled by an archbishop • Pope was supreme authority over the church • Curia – advisers to Pope • Cardinals – most important Curia members

  17. Monasticism • Two Types of religious leaders • Secular clergy – (world) – priest, bishops, archbishops, and pope • Regular clergy – monks and nuns (seclusion)

  18. Life as a Monk • Withdraw from society and temptations • Serve God through fasting, prayer, and self- denial • Inflicted suffering on themselves to gain closer relationship with God

  19. St. Benedictwww.newnorcia.wa.edu.au/images/st-benedict.jpg • Benedictine Rules of monastic behavior • Vows • Poverty • Chastity • Obedience • Time and labor went to monastery

  20. St. Patrickwww.portglenone-cce.fsnet.co.uk/images/st.patrick.jpg • Monk who brought Christianity to a pagan Ireland

  21. St. Augustinewww.wga.hu/art/c/coello/augustin.jpg • Brought Christianity to England

  22. Political Definitions of the Church • Canon Law – law of the Catholic Church • Excommunication – expel from the church • Interdict – Stop administrating of sacraments in a whole region • Heretics / Heresy – people who have false teaching of the church

  23. Problems of the Church • Lay investiture – church offices being given to non-clergy • Simony – buying of church offices by nobles • Role of church in everyday affairs of the people • Forcing Catholicism on non-Catholics

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