Essential nutrients

1. Essential nutrients Kylee rose Kosick Computers 8

2. Carbohydrates • Makes energy • Examples • fruits, dairy, starches, candy etc.. • Are major source in diet of animals • 2 types simple, complex • When ingested, get absorbed in bloodstream as glucose • Simple carbs are simple sugars, dairy products • Complex are whole foods, healthy.

3. Carbohydrates (cont) • better to get simple sugars from fruits and milk. • pancreas releases a hormone called insulin when you eat sugar • turns into simple sugars • Helps to break down foods

4. Fats Examples of edible animal fats -lard, fish oil, butter or ghee Examples of edible animal fats -peanut, soya bean, sunflower, sesame, coconut, olive, and oils Can be sorted into saturated fats & unsaturated fats. Are foods that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

5. Fats(cont) • All fats have chains of fatty acids • Fats help in maintaining • healthy skin/hair, • body organs, • body temperature, • healthy cell function. • energy stores for the body

6. Proteins • Some fold into structure with small holes • -Are enzymes that help “biochemical” reactions -Are helpful to metabolism -Are important in cell signalling - immune responses -cell adhesion -cell cycle.

7. Protein (cont.) • Are parts of organisms and process within cells • Has its own amino acid • people who eat vegetarian can still get protein-rich foods. • Examples • -meat ,grains, dairy ,nuts.

8. Fibre • Soluble fibre absorbs water • gelatinous, is cloaked by bacteria in the digestive tract. • Insoluble fibre is not fermented. • major dietary insoluble fibre source. • lignin may alter metabolism of soluble fibres.

9. Essential Nutrients Olivia Bridge Computers 8

10. Vitamins • Helps body grow and develop -need for health, growth and reproduction • Examples, dairy, fruits, vegetables • Two types, fat soluble and water soluble -originally placed in categories based on function in body

11. Vitamins (Cont) • An organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism • Thirteen different types -vitamin D in milk helps your bones -vitamin A in carrots helps you see at night -vitamin C in oranges helps your body heal if you get a cut -vitamin B in leafy green vegetables helps body make protein and energy

12. Vitamins (Cont) • All living things plant or animal need them • Can be used over and over -only tiny amounts are needed to replace those that are lost -not a source of calories

13. Minerals • Make people’s bodies work properly -boost immune system -help cells and organs do jobs • Examples are fruits, vegetables and dairy products • Are inorganic elements -come from soil, water and absorbed by plants eaten by animals • Carrots help you see in the dark, prevent eye problems -full of substances called carotenoids

14. Minerals (Cont) • Two types macro minerals and trace minerals • Is a substance that is neither animal nor vegetable; inorganic matter • Your body needs larger amounts of some, such as calcium to grow and stay healthy -calcium would be a macro mineral, because it is a larger amount

15. Minerals (Cont) • Trace minerals includes iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride and selenium -trace mineral means you need small amounts of each of these minerals a day

16. Water • Is essential for people and nature • Examples are most fruits and vegetables and some dairy products • Freshwater faces crises -including contamination and shortages • Is a clear colorless tasteless odourless liquid • Two types, fresh and salt

17. Bibliography • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vitamins.html • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/minerals.html • http://www.canadians.org/water/

18. Bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_fiber • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/protein.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/fat.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat • http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-carbohydrates.htm • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/carb.html