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BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR: THE BRAIN

UNIT 3B. BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR: THE BRAIN. UNIT OVERVIEW. The Tools of Discovery: Having our Head Examined Older Brain Structures The Cerebral Cortex Our Divided Brain Right-Left Differences in the Intact Brain The Brain and Consciousness.

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BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR: THE BRAIN

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  1. UNIT 3B BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR: THE BRAIN

  2. UNIT OVERVIEW • The Tools of Discovery: Having our Head Examined • Older Brain Structures • The Cerebral Cortex • Our Divided Brain • Right-Left Differences in the Intact Brain • The Brain and Consciousness

  3. THE TOOLS OF DISCOVERY: HAVING OUR HEAD EXAMINED

  4. STUDYING THE BRAIN • Lesion • Stimulate (electronically, chemically or magnetically)

  5. RECORDING THE BRAIN’S ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY • Electroencephalograph (EEG)

  6. NEUROIMAGING TECHNOLOGY • CT (Computed Tomography) scan • PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scan • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) • fMRI (functional MRI)

  7. WHICH TYPE OF SCAN?

  8. WHICH TYPE OF SCAN

  9. WHICH TYPE OF SCAN?

  10. WHICH TYPE OF SCAN?

  11. OLDER BRAIN STRUCTURES

  12. THE BRAIN STEM • Brainstem • Medulla • Pons • Reticular formation

  13. THE THALAMUS • Thalamus • Receives sensory information from all the senses EXCEPT smell

  14. THE CEREBELLUM • Cerebellum • “little brain”

  15. THE LIMBIC SYSTEM • Limbic system • Hippocampus

  16. THE LIMBIC SYSTEMTHE AMYGDALA • Amygdala • Aggression, fear

  17. THE LIMBIC SYSTEMTHE HYPOTHALAMUS • Hypothalamus • Influence on the pituitary gland • Reward centers • Reward deficiency syndrome

  18. ROBO RAT • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-jTkqHSWlg

  19. THE CEREBRAL CORTEX

  20. INTRODUCTION • Cerebrum • Cerebral cortex

  21. STRUCTURE OF THE CORTEX • Glial cells (“glue cells”) • Lobes • Frontal lobes • Parietal lobes • Occipital lobes • Temporal lobes

  22. FUNCTIONS OF THE CORTEXMOTOR FUNCTIONS • Motor cortex • Mapping the motor cortex • Neural prosthetics

  23. FUNCTIONS OF THE CORTEXSENSORY FUNCTIONS • Sensory cortex

  24. FUNCTIONS OF THE CORTEX

  25. FUNCTIONS OF THE CORTEXASSOCIATION AREAS • Association areas • Frontal lobes • Phineas Gage • Parietal lobes • Mathematical and spatial reasoning • Temporal lobes • Recognize faces

  26. LANGUAGE • Aphasia • Broca’s area • Wernicke’s area

  27. LABEL AND PUT IN ORDER 1-5

  28. LANGUAGE

  29. LANGUAGE

  30. LANGUAGE

  31. LANGUAGE

  32. LANGUAGE

  33. THE BRAIN’S PLASTICITY • Brain damage • Plasticity • Constraint-induced • Neurogenesis

  34. OUR DIVIDED BRAIN

  35. SPLITTING THE BRAIN • Vogel and Bogen • Corpus-callosum • Split brain • Myers and Gazzaniga

  36. LEFT-RIGHT DIFFERENCES IN THE INTACT BRAIN

  37. LEFT-RIGHT BRAIN DIFFERENCES • Hemispheric specialization • Perceptual tasks • Language • Sense of self • inferences

  38. THE BRAIN AND CONSCIOUSNESS

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