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Understanding SSL/TLS Protocol Basics: Network Security Essentials

Delve into the origins and evolution of SSL/TLS network security technologies, including key milestones, protocols, and architectures. Learn about SSL/TLS choices, security services, and phases involved in establishing secure connections. Explore alternative security architectures and the crucial elements of SSL handshake process. This comprehensive guide by Gene Itkis provides insights into SSL/TLS fundamentals for network security enthusiasts.

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Understanding SSL/TLS Protocol Basics: Network Security Essentials

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  1. Intro to SSL/TLS Network Security Gene Itkis

  2. Origins • Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) • www.ietf.org • Documents: RFC 2246 • ANSI • X9.42 • ITU • X.509 • Netscape Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  3. History • 1993 – Mosaic (“browser #1”) • 1994 – Netscape Browser released • SSL v1 design complete – never released • SSL v2 released in Navigator 1.1 • Badly broken (bad seeds for PRNG) • 1995 – Explorer released • PCT (MS), SSL v3 (Netscape) • 1996-1999 – TLS 1.0 • 1999 – WTLS Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  4. Architecture Application (HTTP) SSL TCP IP Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  5. Alternative architectures • Separate Layer • Over TCP: SSL • Over IP: IPSec • Application-Specific • SHTTP • Parallel • Kerberos; Kerberos with TLS? Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  6. SSL choices • Connection-oriented • SSL, TLS do not support UDP • But WTLS does • No non-repudiation • But signatures are used for AKE • “Only protects the pipe” • Attacks are mounted on data before and after “the pipe” Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  7. SSL security services • Server authentication • Client authentication is optional • Encryption • Message integrity Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  8. SSL phases • Handshake • Set protocol details • Authenticate server • Establish keys • Data transfer Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

  9. Handshake • ClientHello • Supported options • ServerHello • Options to be used • ServerCertificate (ServerKeyExchange) • ServerHelloDone • ClientKeyExchange • Finished (sent by client) Gene Itkis: CS558 Network Security

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