Methodology

1. THE GROWTH OF Lyophyllum sp. ON SEVERAL SOLID SUBSTRATES Anggita Karlesa (1) ; I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha (1,2) 1) School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology ; 2) Center for Life Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung e-mail : arleshy@yahoo.com(1) ; nyoman@sith.itb.ac.id(2) Abstract A local new record mushroom (Lyophyllum sp). has been studied for its substrate preferences. Several organic substrates i.e peanut shell, cassava stick, rice straw, albasia wood saw dust, corn cob, black tea waste, coconut husk, and oil palm fiber were evaluated as a growth substrate for Lyophyllumsp. Nine days old mycelial culture (growth rate of 0.9458 cm per day) were used as inoculum. Peanut shell (PS), cassava stick (CS), and rice straw (RS) were colonized very well by the fungus. These three substrates were added with NPK fertilizer in 3 concentrations ie: 0.1; 0.5; and 1% (w/w). Growth rate of the fungus was obtained as follows: PS (0.55; 0.55; 0,57), CS (0.44; 0.45; 0.42), and RS (0.24; 0.33; 0.30) cm/day. The fungus grew the best on peanut shell which significantly different from other substrates. The addition of NPK fertilizer at three concentration level did not give any significant different on growth rate, therefore the lowest NPK concentration (0.1%) is recommended. Celulase activity, C/N ratio, LOM and pH were then evaluated in chosen substrate (PS+NPK 0.1%) over 14 day incubation. The highest enzyme activity was on day-11 (0.2567 µg/min gr-1); C:N ratio decrease from 65.15 (day-5) to 24.47 (day-14); pH relatively increase from 4.83 to 5.75; and the highest LOM was achieved on day-11 with a value of 6.73%. It is summarized that peanut shell is the best substrate for growing domestic Lyophylum sp. and NPK 0,1% is sufficient to promote Lyophyllum sp. growth. Keywords: Lyophyllum sp., lignocelluloses substrate, (peanut shell, cassava stick, and rice straw), cellulase enzyme, solid state fermentation. Background Human population has increased significantly which requires foods. Protein source mainly is obtained from animal. An alternative source which has not been explored extensively yet is fungal protein. Fungi has high nutrient values and often medicinal values. Indonesia as an agriculture country produces many agricultural products as well as wastes. Compost heap like peanut shell, cassava stick, rice straw, albasia wood saw dust, corn stem, black tea waste, coconut husk, and palm oil fiber are useful substrate for fungi including Lyophyllum sp. This research is the initial step for developing cultivation technology of Lyophyllum sp. Substrate evaluation for growing the mycelium as the first stage of fruiting body production is the main focus of this research. Methodology Results Lag phase seen from day 0 to day-to-2. Log phase starting from day 3 to day 12. On the other hand, day-to-11 and day-to-12 is predicted as the end of the logarithmic phase. Medium that support the mycelia growth (peanut shell (KKT), cassava stick (BS), and rice straw (J)) are selected and be varied by the addition of NPK fertilizer in the screening phase 2. This study consists of three stages (Figure-1). Step 1: Medium filtration that is suitable to support the growth of mycelium Lyophyllum sp. Lyophyllum mycelium sp. will be grown by inoculating eight agricultural waste test media: peanut shell, cassava stick, rice straw, albasia wood saw dust, corn stem, black tea waste, coconut husk, and palm oil fiber. Media that grows the fastest mycelium Lyophyllum sp. will be as the results of phase 1. Step 2: Chosen mediums from step 1 are screened by adding NPK fertilizer in different concentration: 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%. Again, concentration that grows the fastest mycelium Lyophyllum sp. will be as the results of phase 2. Step 3: The growth rate, biomass production, pH, CN ratio, and the cellulose activity of Lyophyllum sp. Mycelia that is grown in selected media will be observed per time period. Measurement and testing in each step is conducted in triplo. Proximate analysis is done to determine the levels of the chemical composition in Lyophyllum sp. Mycelia. Figure-2 Growth Result in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar ) Figure-4.1 Growth Data Analysis KKT 0,1% Figure-3 2nd Screening (Screening of mycelium growth rate in different NPK) Figure – 1 Research Flow Chart Figure-4.2 Growth Data Analysis KKT 0,1% Conclusions • Peanut skin as the best carbon complex sources from agricultural waste can initiate the fastest growth of mycelium Lyophyllum sp. • Concentration ratio % NPK: 0.1% KKT, able to support mycelium Lyophyllum sp. growth better than other substrates with a growth rate of 0.55 cm / day. • Based on further study, growth related data in selected media, produce: • The highest cellulose enzyme activity obtained on day 11 is 0.2567 (µg/ min) gr-1; • C: N ratio decreased from 65.15 (day-5) to 24.47 (day-14); • pH tends to rise with the range of 4.83 to 5.75 • The highest LOM obtained on the 11th day with 6.73% Bibliography Aryantha, I. N. P. 1999. Pengantar Budidaya Jamur Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) dan Jamur Kuping (Auricularia polythrica). 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