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Digital Signal Processor

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wang-barlow
18 diapositives · 345 Views · Dec 01, 2014

Digital Signal Processing (DSP) revolutionizes the processing of signals in real time through advanced techniques and specialized hardware like ADCs and FPGAs. With capabilities such as adaptive filtering and high-frequency signal manipulation, DSP offers superior performance compared to traditional analog methods. Applications range from telecommunications to multimedia interfaces, showcasing flexibility and efficiency. This overview highlights the differences between DSP and General Purpose Processors (GPP), illustrating advantages such as reduced power consumption and enhanced processing speed, pivotal for modern computing.

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Digital Signal Processor
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  1. Overview Digital Signal Processor

  2. Signal Processing 0110111000101011010001 ADC ADC ADC 01010101110001010100111 10111010010001010100111 1D Specialized 2D Real-time?

  3. WT PT Waiting Time Processing Time n n+1 Sample Time ST WT  0 Real-time Processing La definizione di Real-time Processing dipende dal contesto applicativo Real-time tasks Example: 100-tap FIR filterè eseguito real-time se si è in grado di completarel’operazione di filtraggioentro due istanti di capionamentosuccessivi:

  4. Analog Signal Processing 1D Specialized HW 2D ASIC

  5. Analog Signal Processing Le tecniche di processing analogicosiavvalgono di componenti come: Resistors, Capacitors e Inductors. Le tolleranze associate a questicomponentianalogici, la temperatura, le variazioni di voltaggio e le vibrazionimeccanichepossonodrammaticamenteindurreeffetti non prevedibilisulcircuitoanalogico.

  6. Digital Signal Processing 0110111000101011010001 ADC ADC ADC 01010101110001010100111 1D 10111010010001010100111 2D Specialized CPU LW R1, a(R4) LW R2, b(R4) ADD R3,R1,R2 SW c(R4),R3 DSP FPGA Specialized HW ASIC

  7. Digital Signal Processing FIR Filter FIR Filter with Linear Phase Le attuali tecniche di processing digitale sono così potenti che in particolari ambiti applicativi, è quasi impossibile, per le tecniche di processing analogiche ottenere performance comparabili. Adaptive Filters

  8. Digital Signal Processing Programmabilità Easy Noise susceptibility Development time Power consumption Change applications Correct applications Update applications Programmable Hardware DSP Cost FPGA Reduces

  9. Digital Signal Processing ADC Limiti degli ADC High frequency signals cannot be processed digitally because of two reasons: Analog to Digital Converters (ADC ) non lavorano ad alte frequenze Le applicazioni diventano troppo complesse per essere elaborate in Real-time

  10. Digital Signal Processor DSP vs. GPP Digital Signal Processor (DSP) General Purpose Processor (GPP) Cost saving Smaller size Low power consumption Processing of many “high” frequency signals in real-time Large memory Advanced operating systems

  11. Digital Signal Processor Algoritmo SOP La Somma di Prodotti (SOP) è la base di molti algoritmi tipici per DSP:

  12. Digital Signal Processor 1011 x 1110 10011010 Hardware vs. Microcode I processori DSP sono ottimizzati per operazioni di somma e moltiplicazione. Moltiplicazioni e addizioni sono eseguite con hardware specializzati e completate in un ciclo di clock. Microcode Hardware Example: 4-bit multiply (unsigned) 1011 x 1110 Cycle 1 0000 Cycle 2 1011. Cycle 3 1011.. Cycle 4 1011... 10011010 Cycle 5

  13. Digital Signal Processor Parameter TMS320C6211 (@150MHz) TMS320C6711 (@150MHz) Arithmetic format Extended floating point Extended Arithmetic Performance (peak) Number of hardware multipliers Number of registers Internal L1 program memory cache Internal L1 data memory cache Internal L2 cache 32-bit N/A 40-bit 1200MIPS 2 (16 x 16-bit) with 32-bit result 32 32K 32K 512K 32-bit 64-bit 40-bit 1200MFLOPS 2 (32 x 32-bit) with 32 or 64-bit result 32 32K 32K 512K Parametri Tecnici C6711 Datasheet: TMS320C6711.pdf C6211 Datasheet: TMS320C6211.pdf

  14. Digital Signal Processor Parameter TMS320C6211 (@150MHz) TMS320C6711 (@150MHz) I/O bandwidth: Serial Ports (number/speed) DMA channels Multiprocessor support Supply voltage Power management On-chip timers (number/width) Cost Package External memory interface controller JTAG 2 x 75Mbps 16 Not inherent 3.3V I/O, 1.8V Core Yes 2 x 32-bit US$ 21.54 256 Pin BGA Yes Yes 2 x 75Mbps 16 Not inherent 3.3V I/O, 1.8V Core Yes 2 x 32-bit US$ 21.54 256 Pin BGA Yes Yes Parametri Tecnici

  15. Digital Signal Processor Floating Point Fixed vs. Floating It is the application that dictates which device and platform to use in order to achieve optimum performance at a low cost Can be slower than fixed-point counterparts and larger in size High precision Ease of use Wide dynamic range High signal-to-noise ratio Can be more expensive Higher power consumption

  16. Digital Signal Processor Advantages Disadvantages • High throughput • Lower silicon area • Lower power consumption • Improved reliability • Reduction in system noise • Low overall system cost • High investment cost • Less flexibility • Long time from design to market GP-DSP vs. ASIC-DSP Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) are semiconductors designed for dedicated functions

  17. Digital Signal Processor VoIP Texas Instruments’TMS220 Family C2000 C5000 Performance & Best Ease-of-Use Efficiency Best MIPS per Watt / Dollar / Size - Wireless phones - Internet audio players - Digital still cameras - Modems - Telephony - VoIP - Multi Channel and Multi Function App's - Comm Infrastructure - Wireless Base-stations - DSL - Imaging - Multi-media Servers - Video Lowest Cost Control Systems - Motor Control - Storage - Digital Ctrl Systems C6000

  18. Digital Signal Processor TMS220 - C6000 TMS320C62x:These first-generation fixed-point DSPs represent breakthrough technology that enables new equipments and energizes existing implementations for multi-channel, multi-function applications, such as wireless base stations, remote access servers (RAS), digital subscriber loop (xDSL) systems, personalized home security systems, advanced imaging/biometrics, industrial scanners, precision instrumentation and multi-channel telephony systems. TMS320C64x:The C64x fixed-point DSPs offer the industry's highest level of performance to address the demands of the digital age. At clock rates of up to 1 GHz, C64x DSPs can process information at rates up to 8000 MIPS with costs as low as $19.95. In addition to a high clock rate, C64x DSPs can do more work each cycle with built-in extensions.These extensions include new instructions to accelerate performance in key application areas such as digital communications infrastructure and video and image processing. TMS320C67x:For designers of high-precision applications, C67x floating-point DSPs offer the speed, precision, power savings and dynamic range to meet a wide variety of design needs. These dynamic DSPs are the ideal solution for demanding applications like audio, medical imaging, instrumentation and automotive.