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Discovering Ancient Latin American Civilizations: The Maya, Aztec, and Inca

Explore the remarkable achievements and mysteries of ancient Latin American civilizations, including the Maya, Aztec, and Inca. The Maya thrived in Southeast Mexico and Central America, renowned for their advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and agriculture. Discover the Aztec's powerful military and unique chinampas farming system in Tenochtitlán. Learn about the Inca's engineering feats in the Andes, including terraces and irrigation systems. This journey examines the rise and fall of these great societies, culminating with the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors.

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Discovering Ancient Latin American Civilizations: The Maya, Aztec, and Inca

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Presentation Transcript

  1. ANCIENT LATIN AMERICA CIVILIZATIONS

  2. THE MAYA-LOCATION • Territory covered what is now: • Southeast Mexico • Honduras • Guatemala • El Salvador • Belize • *Built among dense jungles

  3. THE MAYA-ACHIEVEMENTS • Math • concept of zero • Astronomy • 365 day calendar based on the sun’s movement • Written language • Used hieroglyphs

  4. THE MAYA-ACHIEVEMENTS • Farming • Slash and burn agriculture • Cut and burned trees • Planted crops • After a few years, let forests regrow • Repeat process in another area • Built up ridges on floodplains

  5. THE MAYA-MYSTERY • Construction of cities stopped and cities were abandoned

  6. THE AZTEC-LOCATION • Started in Tenochtitlán (their capital) • Island city in Lake Texcoco (the former lake where Mexico City is now) • Slowly grew to control the region

  7. THE AZTEC-ACHIEVEMENTS • Strong military • All men were expected to join the army • Chinampas • Floating gardens on which the Aztecs grew crops

  8. THE INCA-LOCATION • Started in the Andes Mountains of Peru • Capital was Cuzco • Expanded into surrounding areas of modern day Columbia, Ecuador, Bolivia, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina

  9. THE INCA-ACHIEVEMENTS • Stone terraces • Irrigation canals • Stone roads • Message relay system • Stonework

  10. THE SPANISH ARRIVE… • Hernán Cortés • Defeated Aztec -- Montezuma II • Francisco Pizarro • Defeated Incas – Atahualpa

  11. VOCABULARY • Columbian Exchange • The exchange of goods between Europe and its colonies in North and South America

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