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Long Term Memory

Long Term Memory. Psychology, Unit 5. Today’s Objectives. Distinguish STM from LTM (capacity, encoding, maintenance etc) Apply the serial position effect to your memory Know the 4 types of LTM and apply them to your LTM Distinguish Explicit from Implicit memories

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Long Term Memory

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  1. Long Term Memory Psychology, Unit 5

  2. Today’s Objectives • Distinguish STM from LTM (capacity, encoding, maintenance etc) • Apply the serial position effect to your memory • Know the 4 types of LTM and apply them to your LTM • Distinguish Explicit from Implicit memories • Apply “priming” to your memory

  3. Long Term Memory • The portion of memory that is more or less permanent, corresponding to everything that we “know.”

  4. Capacity of LTM • LTM has a nearly limitless storage capacity • LTM can be retained for a lifetime (barring illness, brain injury, or chemical interference)

  5. Encoding to LTM • In addition to phonological memory and visual/shape based memory, LTM uses: • Olfactory: smell related/triggered • Verbatim memory: word for word (Pledge, National Anthem, etc) • Summaries: main ideas are extracted for understanding

  6. Maintaining LTM • Rote rehearsal: repeat over and over (only 1 that can work to extend STM too) • Elaborative rehearsal: linking new info to familiar LTM • Schema: a set of beliefs or expectations based on past experience that allows you to infer about new info

  7. Schema (prior LTM regarding the components of a face) cause us to infer that this is a face, when, in fact, it is simply the word “liar” written in cursive.

  8. Grocery List

  9. Serial Position Effect • When asked to remember a list, people tend to remember the beginning best, then the end, but rarely the middle • Primacy effect: remembering the 1st items best b/c you have time to rehearse them • Recency effect: remembering the last items b/c they are still available from STM

  10. Types of LTM • Episodic: personal memories based on events one has experienced • Semantic: encyclopedic info (how to spell, who was the 1st president) • Procedural: motor skills and habits • Emotional: learned responses/feelings- shame, fear, sadness

  11. Explicit vs. Implicit Memory • Explicit: semantic and episodic; can be readily expressed and retrieved from memory • Implicit: procedural and emotional; cannot be readily expressed or retrieved from memory

  12. Priming • Helps to distinguish between explicit and implicit memory • “buried” Explicit Memory you need priming: hints that help you recognize the answer; ex: it begins with “P”

  13. Exit Ticket • Draw a venn diagram on LTM and STM • List the 4 types of LTM and provide personal examples for each • Describe the difference between explicit and implicit memory

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