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Latin American Studies

Latin American Studies. March 25, 2011. Blackboard Configuration. Do Now: If the United States lived by “The Cannibalist Manifesto,” what cultures did it cannibalize? Objectives: To review the defining characteristics of the Porfiriato

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Latin American Studies

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  1. Latin American Studies

    March 25, 2011
  2. Blackboard Configuration Do Now: If the United States lived by “The Cannibalist Manifesto,” what cultures did it cannibalize? Objectives: To review the defining characteristics of the Porfiriato To understand the events of 1910 that led into the Mexican Revolution To discuss important figures in the revolution and their roles Homework: Complete topic sheet for project
  3. Review—Oswald de Andrade and “The Cannibalist Manifesto” What was the idea of “The Cannibalist Manifesto?” How did a culture become civilized according to it?
  4. The Mexican Revolution 1910-1920s
  5. Porfirio Diaz How long was he president for? What were the pros and cons of his presidency?
  6. El Porfiriato Was president 1876-1880; 1884-1911 Diaz showed himself to be master of politics Amended constitution to make it possible
  7. His presidency Pros of his presidency 1894: balanced the budget Huge increase in foreign investment Most effectively centralized government since independence Cons of his presidency Growing divide between the rich and the poor Ruled by pitting rivals against one another pan o palo Allowed the church to regain influence Established guardiasrurales (rural police) and strengthened army
  8. Beginning of the End of the Porfiriato Leading up to 1910 Growth of anti-Diaz sentiment Major strikes by workers 1910 Election year for Mexico Anniversary of Hidalgo’s revolt and the beginning of the independence movement
  9. 1910 Election Francisco Madero other main candidate for the Anti-Reelectionist Party Rich hacendado (land-owner) “un-Mexican” candidate Jailed before the election and exiled after Madero: strong believer in liberal democracy
  10. 1910 Election aftermath Madero issued Plan of San Luis Potosi Called for armed resistance to election Armed resistance began to grow in both North and South North: Pancho Villa and Pascual Orozco South: Emiliano Zapata Diaz ultimately resigned on May 25, 1911 New election  Madero elected
  11. Madero and Mexican Revolution Started, but did not control Major powers in the Mexican Revolution Local leaders Emiliano Zapata Pancho Villa
  12. Emiliano Zapata Leader of landless peasants in Morelos Fighting to restore justice and regain lands Supported Madero, but quickly disillusioned by lack of action
  13. Plan de Ayala Plan to take revolution into own hands “We give notice [that]…the pueblos or citizens who have the titles corresponding o those properties will immediately enter into possession of that real estate of which they have been despoiled…maintaining at any cost with arms in hand…”
  14. Victoriano Huerta Madero’s military chief of staff Removed Madero from power in 1913 and assassinated him Aided by U.S. Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson Tried to impose his authority  soon opposed
  15. Challenger:Pancho Villa and Chihuahua Powerful center of resistance to Huerta Villa’s supporters differed from Zapata’s peasants Cowboys, small ranchers, unemployed workers Called for agrarian reform  confiscation of large haciendas
  16. Challenger: Venustiano Carranza Governor in Coahuila Created the Plan de Guadalupe (1913) Scattered support
  17. Huerta’s government Attacked by opposition on all sides US President Wilson sent marines to occupy Veracruz after US sailors arrested Early July 1914: Huerta resigned
  18. 1914 Villa, Zapata, and Carranza met in Mexico City to discuss a possible coalition government Carranza withdrew and set-up own regime in Veracruz Began to move “leftward”
  19. 1915-1917 Villa defeated by Obregón, Carranza’s military general Zapatistas withdrew Carranza called constitutional convention in late-1916 Assumed presidency in 1917
  20. Constitution of 1917 Article 27—redistribution of land Article 123—rights for labor Article 3—restrictions for church Socialist tone
  21. 1917-1920 Villa and Zapata continued to speak out in regions Zapata murdered in 1919 1920—issue of reelection Obregon led uprising
  22. Next step… Obregon represented the end of the revolutionary phase Mexico began to “institutionalize” the revolution
  23. ¡Viva Zapata! (1952) Fictional-biographical film onZapata and the early stages of the revolution Won the 1952 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor (Anthony Quinn as Eufemio Zapata)
  24. 5 P’s—how’d we do today? Punctuality Preparedness—book, notebook, pencil, etc. Participation Presence—are you there and owning it? Personal responsibility—homework, did you help others, did you make excuses, etc.
  25. Homework Complete topic sheet for project
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