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Objectives:

Objectives:.

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Objectives:

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  1. Objectives: Explain that infrastructure is the underlying base or basic framework of a system. (ITEA, STL 20-J) Explain that structures are constructed using a variety of processes and procedures. (ITEA, STL 20-K) Explain that the design of structures includes a number of requirements. (ITEA, STL 20-L) Explain that structures require maintenance, alteration, or renovation periodically to improve them or to alter their intended use. (ITEA, STL 20-M) Explain that structures can include prefabricated materials. (ITEA, STL 20-N) Analyze heavy engineering structures. Such as: Highways Rail lines Bridges Airports Canals Pipelines Power transmission and communication towers Hydroelectric and flood control dams Analyze types of buildings. Such as: Residential Commercial Industrial Analyze the steps in the construction process. At least - - Preparing the site Setting foundations Building the framework Enclosing the structure Installing utilities Finishing the interior and exterior Completing the site

  2. The Big Picture….. • Construction is the process of building structures to meet human needs and desires. Structures reflect the cultural norms, environmental conditions, and the requirements of enterprises or institutions.

  3. What do you think? What do these items have in common? What is unique about each of these items? What problem do these things solve? • Millau Viaduct - Millau, France • Queen Mary II • Freedom Tower – New York City • International Space Station (ISS) Three Gorges Dam - Sandouping, Yichang, China Engagement

  4. Time to find out… One of the basic needs that all people have is shelter. We build things for many different reasons. Support loads off the ground Provide shelter To contain stuff Exploration

  5. Time to find out… • Working in groups of two, create a free standing structure that it will support a D Cell battery off the ground at least 18” for at least 10 seconds. • Use only the materials provided: • 1 sheet of paper • 12 inches of tape • 1 D cell battery • You will have 20 minutes to complete this activity. Exploration

  6. 20 Minutes 10 Minutes 50 Seconds 40 Seconds 9 19 Minutes 9 Minutes 8 7 6 30 Seconds 18 Minutes 8 Minutes 20 Seconds 17 Minutes 7 Minutes STOP 10 Seconds 16 Minutes 6 Minutes 15 Minutes 5 Minutes 5 4 3 2 1 14 Minutes 4 Minutes 13 Minutes 3 Minutes 12 Minutes 2 Minutes 11 Minutes 1 Minute Exploration

  7. How did you do? • Make sure your tower is standing. • Place your D-Cell • 1…2…3 – let go • Whose held for 10 seconds? • Whose is the tallest? • What do you think made the tower stay standing? • Why did some fall over? • What could we have done better? Exploration

  8. Did you know… • There are many factors that affect the design of structures • Cultural norms • environmental conditions • the requirements of enterprises or institutions Explanation

  9. Did you know… • There are many types of structures? • Residential – houses, apartments, condos • Commercial and Industrial – shopping malls, office buildings and factories • Heavy engineering structures • airports • canals • highways • hydroelectric and flood control dams • pipelines • power transmission • communication towers • rail lines Create a page for your ePortfolio that lists the types of structures, a description and an example- link to the Design World Explanation

  10. Create a Document… • That describes the three categories of structures • Residential • Commercial and Industrial • Heavy engineering structures • Have an adequate description of each • Include examples of each • Include some graphics for each Explanation

  11. Did you know… • The major processes and procedures used to create buildings: • a. Preparing the site • b. Setting foundations • c. Building the framework • d. Enclosing the structure • e. Installing utilities • f. Finishing the exterior • g. Completing the site Explanation

  12. Did you know… • Structures require maintenance. • Altered for a new use • Renovated to improve them • Structures can include prefabricated materials. Explanation

  13. Home Sweet Home Lets give it a try… Elaboration

  14. Lets give it a try… What do you notice about this house? Elaboration

  15. Lets give it a try… What do you notice about this house? Elaboration

  16. Lets give it a try… What do you notice about this house? Elaboration

  17. Lets give it a try… • Online, find at least 5 different 3 bedroom floor plans. • Compare the similarities. • Contrast the differences. • What is the minimum area for a bedroom? • How big is a bathroom? • What is the area needed for the kitchen? • What is a “Traffic Pattern”? • How big is “common” furniture? Elaboration

  18. Lets give it a try… • If you were going to design a house, want would you want in it? • Make a list of everything you would want in a house. • Using graph paper create a rough floor plan of this “dream house”. Elaboration

  19. Lets give it a try… Typical Architectural Symbols Elaboration

  20. Lets give it a try… • With a partner, discuss your research findings. • What is the minimum area for a bedroom? • How big is a bathroom? • What is the area needed for the kitchen? • What is a “Traffic Pattern”? • How big is “common” furniture? • Examine your sketches. • What do you like about their design? • What would you change about their design? Elaboration

  21. Lets give it a try… What do you think about this floor plan? Elaboration

  22. Lets give it a try… What do you think about this floor plan? Elaboration

  23. Lets give it a try… • You have been contracted to design a house for a young couple. • 3 Bedrooms (w/ at least 1 window) • 2 Baths (one can be a ½ bath) • Living or Family Room • Dining Room • Kitchen • Laundry Room • Closets • Front and Back Door *For E. C.; you may add a second floor over the large square or large rectangular room

  24. Lets give it a try… • Using computers to model your design will save you time later • Online software like Homestyler is an easy way to visual your design. Elaboration

  25. Lets give it a try… 44 24 Your “foot print” measurements…… 32 20 8 24 Elaboration

  26. Lets give it a try… House Design Template • Sketch out the walls and other items on your foot print. • Lay out the doors, windows and other details on your exterior walls • Lay out the doors and windows for interior walls. Elaboration

  27. Lets give it a try… • Carefully cut out all exterior walls. • Cut out windows and doors • For folded tabs, score dotted line by marking with a ball-point pen • Carefully measure the length of interior walls. • Cut out doors and windows • Leave gluing tabs on ends of walls Elaboration

  28. Lets give it a try… • Use very thin coating of glue on tabs • Carefully glue exterior walls • Carefully glue interior walls • Recolor glued tabs to match floors and walls. Elaboration

  29. How well did you do? Evaluation

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