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Objectives

70-270: MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows XP Professional Second Edition , Enhanced Chapter 4: Managing Windows XP File Systems and Storage. Objectives. Understand basic and dynamic storage Understand the drive configurations supported by Windows XP

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Objectives

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  1. 70-270: MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows XP ProfessionalSecond Edition, EnhancedChapter 4: Managing Windows XP File Systems and Storage

  2. Objectives • Understand basic and dynamic storage • Understand the drive configurations supported by Windows XP • Understand the FAT, FAT32, and NTFS file systems • Understand Windows XP drive, volume, and partition maintenance and administration • Understand how to manage folder-level properties • Understand permissions, sharing, and other issues related to file systems Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  3. File Storage Basics • Basic storage • Centers on partitioning physical disk • Dynamic storage • New method supported only by Windows XP and Windows 2000 • Based on volumes, not partitions • Allows for more flexibility in drive configurations Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  4. Basic Storage • Traditional method of dividing a hard drive into partitions • Partition • Logical division of the physical space on a hard drive • Must be formatted before they can be used Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  5. Dynamic Storage • Does not use partitions • Views an entire physical hard drive as a single entity • Drives belong to the OS on which they were created • Existing drives with partitions can be upgraded to dynamic storage Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  6. Drive Configurations • Simple volume • All or part of a single drive • Spanned volume • Two or more parts (up to 32) of one or more drives, or a volume configuration of two or more entire drives • Striped volume • Two or more volumes (up to 32) of one or more drives or two or more entire drives (up to 32) • Do not provide any fault tolerance Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  7. File Systems • XP supported file systems: • NTFS • FAT • FAT32 Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  8. FAT and FAT32 • For backwards compatibility with older systems • Supports volumes up to 4 GB in size • Most efficient on volumes smaller than 256 MB • Root directory can contain only 512 entries • No file-level compression • No file-level security • Maximum file size is 2 GB Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  9. NTFS • Support for volumes up to 2 TB in size • Most efficient on volumes larger than 10 MB • Root directory can contain unlimited entries • File-level compression • File-level security • File-level encryption • Disk quotas, which are a means to limit drive space consumption by users Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  10. Converting File Systems • To convert: • Reformat drive with new file system • Use Convert utility to convert FAT/FAT32 to NTFS Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  11. File Compression • Ability to compress data on the basis of single files, folders, or entire volumes • Benefit • Able to store more data in the same space • Drawback • Performance suffers due to compressing and uncompressing • Must have Full Control to compress object Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  12. Disk Management Actions • Disk Management tool • All Tasks menu • Context sensitive menu • Options to create, remove and configure • Disks • Volumes • Partitions Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  13. The Properties Dialog Boxes • Offer additional details and configuration settings for: • Drives • Volumes • Partitions Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  14. Drive Letters and Mount Points • Grant applications and user interface utilities access to file system resources • A & B: • Used for floppies • C through Z • Used for local hard drives or mappings for network shares • Mount point • Alternative to drive letters • Connects a FAT/FAT32 or NTFS volume or partition to an empty directory on an NTFS volume or partition Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  15. Disk Cleanup • Tool used to free up space on hard drives by removing deleted, orphaned, temporary, or downloaded files Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  16. Check Disk • Inspection utility • Examines disk integrity and locates both logical and physical errors on a hard drive • Called ScanDisk Check Disk in earlier versions of Windows • Used after improper shutdown Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  17. Defragmentation • Fragmentation • Division of a file into two or more parts • Each part stored in a different location on the hard drive • Defragmentation • Reorganize files so they are stored contiguously and no gaps are left between files • Disk Defragmenter utility Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  18. FSUTIL • Powerful command-line utility • Only used by administrators • Help and Support Center • Contains online documentation Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  19. Folder Options • Used to set the functional and visual parameters of the folders on the system • General tab • View tab • File Types tab • Offline Files tab Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  20. File System Object Level Properties • Accessed through • Properties dialog boxes of folder or object • Minor differences depending on file system Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  21. NTFS Folder Object • General tab: • General information (name, size, etc.) • Sharing tab • Security tab Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  22. FAT/FAT32 Folder Object • General tab: • Name, type, location, etc. • Sharing tab • Customize tab Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  23. NTFS File Object • Three common tabs: • General • Sharing • Security • Other tabs depending on object type Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  24. FAT/FAT32 File Object • General tab • Other tabs depending on object type Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  25. NTFS-Mounted Volume Object • General tab • Sharing tab • Security tab • Customize tab Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  26. FAT/FAT32-Mounted Volume Object • General tab • Sharing tab • Customize tab Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  27. Managing NTFS Permissions • NTFS • Only file system supported by Windows XP that offers file-level security • Determines what can be done to a file system object and who can perform those actions • Different permissions for folders and files Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  28. NTFS File and Folder Permissions • Read • Write • List folder contents • Read & execute • Modify • Full control • Configured on the Security tab of object’s Properties dialog box Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  29. Rules for Working With NTFS Permissions • NTFS object permissions alwaysapply • Permissions are cumulative • Override any contradictory settings on the parent or container folder • Deny overrides all other specific Allows Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  30. Inheritance of Permissions • New object assumes permissions of parent container • Moving or copying an object from NTFS to FAT • NTFS settings are lost • Object inherits the FAT attributes and settings of its new container • Moving or copying an object from FAT to NTFS • Object inherits NTFS settings and permissions of its new container Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  31. Troubleshooting Access and Permission Problems • Most access problems: • Resource object has wrong settings • Or user account has wrong settings • Avoid Common problems: • Grant permission only as needed. • Rely upon NTFS to restrict access • Grant Full Control only when necessary, even on shares • Change permissions on a folder level, allow changes to affect all child elements Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  32. Simple File Sharing • Used when quick and easy file sharing is needed • Commonly used in home networks • No granular permission control • Effective only when Windows XP is a member of workgroup • Dragging and dropping folders and drives into Shared Documents folder Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  33. Managing Shared Folders • Sharing tab • Found on both FAT/FAT32 and NTFS folder Properties dialog boxes • Used to enable remote access Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  34. Working With Media Folders and The Customize Tab • My Documents, My Music, and My Pictures folders • Default storage locations for: • Documents • Music files • Images • Top-level media folders cannot be altered • Customize tab • Used to define type of folder the mount point represents Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  35. Zipping Files and Compressed Folders • Zipped files • Preferred method of moving large or multiple files around over the Internet • Compressed files that house one or more files into a single .zip file • Zipping capabilities built into file system of XP Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  36. Burning CDs • Support for writing files to a blank recordable CD Included in XP • Ability to duplicate CDs • Record audio CDs from other audio CDs or music files (through Windows Media Player) • Erase CD-RWs Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  37. Using Offline Files • Work with network files when not connected to network • Does not change normal access methods • Maintains the duplicate offline version of the files • Redirections completely unseen by user Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  38. Folder Redirection • Alter physical storage location of commonly used folders • Redirect to a network server • Retain original local access methods • To configure: • Local users alter location of My Documents folder • Group policy redirects to a share on a network server Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  39. Removable Media • Include any storage device installed onto a Windows XP system • Tape devices • DVD and CD-ROM drives • Optical drives • Zip and Jaz drives • Can be configured through Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  40. The Microsoft Distributed File System • Windows 2000 or Windows .NET Server-hosted service • Manipulate and manage shared resources • Single hierarchical system • Single access point for logical tree structure • No regard to physical location of resources Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

  41. Summary • Volumes and partitions formatted with NTFS, FAT, or FAT32 • NTFS recommended • Disk-related utilities are Disk Cleanup, Check Disk, Disk Defragmenter • File system objects have Properties • XP includes support for simple file sharing, zipped files, CD burning, folder redirection, management of removable media, and DFS Guide to MCSE 70-270, Second Edition, Enhanced

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