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Chapter 13 Characteristics of matter Lesson 1 – how can materials be identified?

Chapter 13 Characteristics of matter Lesson 1 – how can materials be identified?. Vocabulary. Boiling point – temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas Chemical property – ability of a material to change its chemical makeup Conductivity – ability to carry energy

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Chapter 13 Characteristics of matter Lesson 1 – how can materials be identified?

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  1. Chapter 13Characteristics of matterLesson 1 – how can materials be identified?

  2. Vocabulary • Boiling point – temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas • Chemical property – ability of a material to change its chemical makeup • Conductivity – ability to carry energy • Density – mass per unit volume of a substance. • Melting point – temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

  3. Vocabulary • Physical property – characteristic that can be measured or detected by the senses • Solubility – measure of how much of one substance can dissolve in another substance

  4. Properties • Physical and chemical properties are characteristics used to describe, identify, and classify matter. • Properties can be used to identify pure substances. • *Physical properties include state, size, and color • *A chemical property is the ability of a material to react, burn, or change to form a new material.

  5. Turn to… • Page E43 • Compare a sheet of paper and a sheet of aluminum foil. • What are the physical properties? (Think about the five senses.) • What are the chemical properties? (Does the sheet change?)

  6. Mass, Volume, and Density • Mass is the amount of matter in an object • Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. • Density is the mass per unit volume of matter.

  7. Melting Point and Boiling Point • Three states of matter are Solid, Liquid and Gas • When a substance changes state, it will be at its melting point or boiling point • When enough energy is added to a solid, it melts to form a liquid. - melting point • Melting point of water is 0°C (or 32°F) The melting point of gold is about 1,060°C (1,940°F) • When enough energy is added to a liquid, it changes into a gas – boiling point • The boiling point of water is 100°C (212°F), while the boiling point of rubbing alcohol is 108°C (226°F)

  8. Solubility and Conductivity • The physical property of solubility is a measure of how much of one substance can dissolve another substance. • The physical property of conductivity is the ability of energy to travel through a material.

  9. Solubility and Conductivity • The physical property of conductivity is the ability of energy to travel through a material • Electrical conductivity refers to carrying electricity. Thermal conductivity refers to carrying heat. • Good conductors: copper, gold, silver, aluminum • Low conductors: rubber, plastic – good to insulate conductors so you don’t get shocked

  10. Lesson Wrap-Up • A physical property is a characteristic that can be measured or detected by the senses. • To find the volume of an object with an irregular shape, sink it in water • Melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.

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