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Olympic Games Organizing Committees: What are They and How Do They Work?

Olympic Games Organizing Committees: What are They and How Do They Work?. Milena M. Parent, Ph.D . Associate Professor School of Human Kinetics, uOttawa Norwegian School of Sport Sciences Colby-Sawyer College, March 26, 2012. Overview. The world of sports event Games timeline and lifecycle

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Olympic Games Organizing Committees: What are They and How Do They Work?

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  1. Olympic Games Organizing Committees: What are They and How Do They Work? Milena M. Parent, Ph.D.Associate ProfessorSchool of Human Kinetics, uOttawaNorwegian School of Sport SciencesColby-Sawyer College, March 26, 2012

  2. Overview • The world of sports event • Games timeline and lifecycle • The organizing committee (OC) • Issues & strategies • Stakeholders • Knowledge management and transfer • My experience at the 2010 Olympic Winter Games • How my experience is informing my research • Summary M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  3. Sports Events Sport events can come in many forms (Getz, 2005): • Regularly scheduled, as in tied to league play (professional or amateur), plus championships • One-time exhibitions or invitationals • Sport “festivals” • They place an emphasis on celebration • Multi-sport events • They package different sports together (e.g., Olympic Games; Masters Games) • Sports events can be spectator, participant, and/or media oriented M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  4. Major Sports Events Typology • Special Events • (Planned) • Minor Sports Events • (Local/community level with relatively low attendance or media attention) • Festivals • (Community-based) • Major Sports Events • (High attendance, media attention) • Hallmark Events • (Recurring; tied to a place) • Large-Scale Sports Events • (One-off or recurring) • Mega Sports Events • (One-off) (Parent & Smith-Swan, forthcoming)

  5. The World of Sports Events & OC Major Games Organizations (e.g., IPC) (Single) Sport Federations (e.g., FIFA) Other Sport Associations & Assemblies (e.g., WADA,) Other Associations, Assemblies & Orgs. (e.g., UN) Int’l / Cont’l Major Games / Championships OCs (e.g., LOCOG) Nat’l Games Organizations (e.g., USOC) Nat’l Sport Organizations (e.g., USSF) Multi-Sport Service Org. (e.g., USADA ) Gov’tSport Dept’s (e.g., Sport Canada) National Sponsors, Media, General Public National Games / Championships OCs (e.g., US Figure Skating Championships) Sport Organizations and Clubs Schools, Colleges, Universities Multi-Sport Service Organizations Government Sport Departments State / Local Games / Championships OCs (Adapted from Parent & Smith-Swan, forthcoming)

  6. M Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 20120326

  7. Olympic Games Organizing Committee (OCOG) Timeline Bid Transition Planning Implementation Wrap-Up TheoreticalOlympicTimeline 6-8 months 1-3 years 3 years 3 years 6-12 months Time (Parent & Smith-Swan, forthcoming)

  8. OC Lifecycle (Parent, 2008) • Planning Mode • Bid • Business plan • Operational plan • Divisional plans, work packages • Implementation Mode • Venuization • Games-time • Wrap-up Mode • Reports, evaluations, closing the books • Managing the legacies M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  9. OC Issues and Strategies over Time (Parent, 2008; 2010)

  10. OCOG Stakeholders State INGOs Support Staff Municipal National Athletes Pro Leagues Governments Delegations Consultants Others Int’l Events Volunteers Cont’l OC Board of Directors Sports Organizations Organizing Committee Staff Nat’l Sponsors Media Reg’l Community Nat’l TV Radio Groups & Schools Residents & Local businesses Print Int’l Internet Activists (Adapted from Parent & Smith-Swan, forthcoming)

  11. StakeholderSub-Group Network Density: 0.193

  12. Olympic Knowledge Management & Transfer Process Knowledge Management System Knowledge Transfer Information Retention, Knowledge Use & Application External Knowledge Need Information Creation Knowledge Transfer Internal Knowledge Tools & Storage Knowledge Tools & Storage M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  13. My Experience 2010 Olympic Winter Games M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  14. The 2010 Olympic Winter Games: The Numbers (Source: VANOC, 2010) • 17 days of competition • 15 sport disciplines • 9 competition venues, 3 Olympic training facilities • 86 medal competitions • 82 participating National Olympic Committees (NOCs) • 96,409 people accredited for the Games, including: • 6,500 athletes and team officials (2,632 registered athletes) • 50,000 workforce members • 10,800 media representatives M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  15. The 2010 Olympic Winter Games: The Numbers (Source: VANOC, 2010) • 3.5 billion worldwide television viewers • 50,000 hours of total broadcast hours of the Games across all media platforms around the world, including 6,000 hours of coverage worldwide on mobile platforms • More than 3.3 million pairs of Vancouver 2010 Red Mittens sold M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  16. My Role(s) • 4-month secondment with the International Client Services (ICS) function in VANOC • Doing research M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  17. My Role(s): Manager of Protocol and Language Services M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26 • Hosting national/international dignitaries, TOP sponsors, heads of international federations • Lounge & seating area • Providing interpretation services for the venue • Media (interviews, mixed zone, press conferences) • Medical, anti-doping process • Any other function needing assistance (e.g., event services, security)

  18. My Role(s) M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26 Managed 13 volunteers at my own venue (UBC Thunderbird Arena) Managed Zone 6 access, lounge, and seating Liaised with all other functions of venue

  19. My Role(s) • Represented the ICS function and presented on its behalf at the IOC’s venue press managers’ workshop • Responsible for creating ICS daily reporting system to build the knowledge management and transfer process for the function

  20. My Role(s) M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26 In charge of the US delegation (Vice-President Biden and Secretary of State for Homeland Security Janet Napolitano) for the opening and closing ceremonies

  21. My Role(s) M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26 Assisted/replaced my colleagues at other venues: Main Press Centre & Canada Hockey Place

  22. Benefits of Secondment to my Research Network of contacts Deeper appreciation of stakeholder interactions and centrality of key stakeholder groups (e.g., media) Importance of knowledge management, transfer, learning Impact of national, local, and organizational culture on sport event management M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  23. Benefits of Secondment to my Research Other under-examined areas and the interconnectedness of functions Function examples: venue management, sport, sport production, security, transportation and protocol Change is the only constant! Reflections on The true impact of “weak” links in the organization The need for flexible, adaptable people (role flexibility) In other words: appreciation of the complexity of organizing events and all the areas that need to be studied! M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  24. Summary • Major sports events have a complex network in which they work • Planning, implementing and wrapping-up an Olympic Games takes about 10 years • Multiple issues to deal with, which vary in importance over time • Knowledge management and transfer system is an important aspect of an OCOG’s activities • Working for a major sports events opens doors and offers avenues for potential research M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  25. Email: milena.parent@uottawa.ca Thank You! Questions? M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

  26. References • Getz, D. (2005). Event management & event tourism (2nd ed.). Elmsford, NY: Cognizant Communication Corp. • Parent, M. M. (2008). Evolution and Issue Patterns for Major-Sport-Event Organizing Committees and Their Stakeholders. Journal of Sport Management, 22(2), 135-164. • Parent, M. M. (2010). Decision making in major sport events over time: Parameters, drivers, and strategies. Journal of Sport Management, 24(3), 291-318. • Parent, M. M., & Smith-Swan, S. (forthcoming). Managing Major Sports Events: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge. • The Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games (2010, February 28). The Vancouver 2010 Olympic Winter Games: By the numbers Retrieved November 15, 2010, from http://www.vancouver2010.com/olympic-news/n/news/the-vancouver-2010-olympic-winter-games-by-the-numbers_297556Ko.html M. M. Parent, Colby-Sawyer College, 2012-03-26

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