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Information technology. Choi yiu Kuen. Lecturers and Tutors. Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen, dcykcho@cityu.edu.hk , ext-27888639 Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung dcbryanc@cityu.edu.hk , 27888115 Textbook using Information Technology by Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 0-07-115105-2.
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Information technology Choi yiu Kuen
Lecturers and Tutors • Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen, dcykcho@cityu.edu.hk, ext-27888639 • Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung dcbryanc@cityu.edu.hk, 27888115 • Textbook using Information Technology by Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 0-07-115105-2
Assessment • Continuous Assessment • Laboratory practise (20%) • Assignment – hardcopy submission and presentation (25%) • Time-constraint examination • Questions (50%)
Using Information Technology Chapter 1 – Page 1 - 23 Introduction to Information Technology
Introduction to Information TechnologyMind Tools for Your Future • 1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace: Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the E-World • 1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of Computers • 1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC? • 1.4 Where is Information Technology Headed?
“Say goodbye to the personal computing era. Just on the horizon is the era that comes next--the personal information era.” --Kevin Maney, Technology Journalist • Pervasive computing trends: • Information overload • Less use of our brains for memorizing • A surge in multi-tasking activity
1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace: Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the E-World • Information technology (“infotech”): • Computers - programmable multiuse machines that convert data into information • Communications - electromagnetic devices and systems for communicating over long distances
The Telephone Grows Up • Approximately 1 billion people using cellphones • Internet phones are cell phones plus: • Email • Web services • Video
“You’ve Got Mail!” E-Mail’s Mass Impact • E-mail (“electronic mail”) - • messages transmitted over a network • Network - communications system connecting two or more computers
The Internet, the World Wide Web, & the “Plumbing of Cyberspace” • Cyberspace encompasses the whole wired and wireless world of communications: • The Internet - the “mother of all networks” • The World Wide Web - multimedia part of Net
The E-World & Welcome to It • E-business • E-commerce • E-government • E-learning • E-pinions • E-tailing e-service
1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of ComputersAll Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers IBM ASCI White
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers VP2400 mainframe
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Sun Microsystems workstation
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Sony tower PC
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Picture of desktop
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Laptop computer
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Personal Digital Assistant
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers
Servers and clients • Server – it is a central computer that holds collections of data & programs for clients • Clients - PCs, workstations, & other devices • Server + Clients linked together = Client/Server network
Data is defined as: The raw facts and figures that are processed into information Information is defined as: Data that has been summarized or otherwise manipulated for use in decision making 1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?How Computers Work - Concept #1The purpose of a computer is to process data into information.
Hardware is: All the machinery and equipment in a computer system, You could physically see and touch, Software is: All the instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task, you could not physically see and touch. How Computers Work - Concept #2Computers consist of hardware and software.
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same five basic operations. • Input – keyboard & mouse • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Keyboard Mouse
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Case or system cabinet
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Processor chip, CPU
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Memory chips, 64M, 128M and 256M
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Motherboard
Input Processing Storage Output Communications Primary storage (memory) Computer circuitry that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed Secondary storage (storage) The area in the computer where data or information is held permanently How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations
Input Processing Storage Output Communications Byte - 1 character of data Kilobyte - 1000 characters Megabyte - 1,000,000 characters Gigabyte - 1 billion characters Terabyte - 1 trillion characters How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Floppy disk Zip disk
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Hard-disk drive
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Sound card
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Speakers
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Video card
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Monitor
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Printer
How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Modem
You still need the software! Bill Gate • System software • Helps the computer perform essential operating tasks and enables the application software to run, such as Windows XP, 2000 and 98, Linux • and…
You still need the software! • Application software • Enables you to perform specific tasks--solve problems, perform work, or entertain yourself such as word, excel, powerpoint, photoshop
1.4 Where Is Information Technology Headed?Three Directions of Computer Development • Miniaturization • smaller • Speed • faster • Affordability • cheaper Then (1946) Now
Three Directions of Communications Development • Connectivity–connects to other machines • Interactivity– two-way communication, a user can respond to information • Multimedia – supports text, graphics, video and sound Auto PC
When Computers & Communications Combine:Convergence, Portability, & Personalization • Convergence –means combining industries through various devices that exchange data in the format used by electronics, entertainment and mass media. • Portability –it is so tiny that you could carry • Personalization –creation of information tailored to individual
“E” Also Stands for Ethics • Speed and scale – huge information can be stored and retrieved. • Unpredictability – compared to others, such as electricity, it is less predictable • Complexity – computer systems are complex
Summary • Data and Information • Hardware and Software • Computer Scale: supercomputer, mainframe, minicomputer, microcomputer, microcontroller • Microcomputer: Input, Output, CPU, memory, hard disk • Software: Operation software (Windows XP) and application software (Word)