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The Rise of Spain

The Rise of Spain. Centralizing Spain Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon Catholic monarchs Created religious orthodoxy. Spanish Inquisition. Enforce the conversion of Moors and Jews Interrogated and punished those questioning Church doctrine

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The Rise of Spain

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  1. The Rise of Spain

  2. Centralizing Spain • Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon • Catholic monarchs • Created religious orthodoxy

  3. Spanish Inquisition

  4. Enforce the conversion of Moors and Jews • Interrogated and punished those questioning Church doctrine • Reinforced the power of the monarchy

  5. Spain’s Economy

  6. Colonial Empire • 10 % Crown’s income • triple silver resources • 16th century European Boom • Traded with France and Italian city-states. • Supplied the colonies

  7. Spain’s Monarchy Spanish Hapsburg

  8. Charles V (son of Joanna) a Hapsburg (1519 - 1558) • Holy Roman Emperor • Many wars and high taxation • Philip II inherited Spain • Developed larger bureaucracy • Logistics created difficulties

  9. Phillip II (1556 – 1598) • Inherited Portugal, possessed 17 provinces of the Netherlands and the Free County of Burgundy.

  10. Siglo de oro Spain’s Golden Age • 1550 - 1650 • Potosi • Cervantes Don Quixote • Lope de Vega wrote 200 dramas • El Greco, Murillo, and Velazquez • Jesuit Suarez - philosphy

  11. Pomp and Ceremony Ritual and Etiquitte

  12. Battle of Lepanto

  13. Decline of Spain • Overextended • Dutch Revolt • High taxation • Inquisition in land of Calvinists • Duke of Alba (Council of Troubles)

  14. Revolt of the Netherlands

  15. Spanish Road • Spanish Mutinies • Spanish Desertion Defeat of the Spanish Armada • Maurice de Nassau

  16. Spanish Armada

  17. Economic Decline

  18. Price Revolution (Gold and Silver from America) • 1568 - 1598 5 times the military expenditures of the Dutch, English and French. • 1576, epidemics, plagues, harvest failures. • New taxation (Excise [sales] Tax)

  19. Explusion of the Moriscos backfires

  20. Agricultural Economy Declines

  21. Mercantilism

  22. Colonial Drain

  23. National Competition

  24. Aristocratic Indolence

  25. Don Quixote National disillusionment in the face of preceived national decline

  26. Over-extended Empire

  27. The Dutch Republic

  28. The Golden Age

  29. History • Ruled by Spain (Charles V) 1516 - 1648 • Federalist union • Defensive alliance against Spain • Did not want absolutism

  30. State Structure

  31. Seven provinces with States General • Autonomy, provincial sovereignty, and religious pluralism • Nobility weak economic and political role • Oligarchy • House of Orange served as chief officials

  32. Economics

  33. 17th century saw development • Amsterdam Public Bank backbone of financial operations • Facilitate foreign trade • Expanded agriculture • Land reclamation, increased productivity sustain larger population

  34. Densely Populated Urban Economy Amsterdam

  35. 1630s 2,500 ships accounted for 1/2 of Europe shipping • Trade monopolies were granted • Dutch East India Company • Established company settlements in the East

  36. Decline of the Dutch Republic

  37. Religion

  38. Social

  39. Intellectual

  40. Christiaan Huygens • Famous mathamatician, physicist, and astronomer

  41. Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Father of microbiology. • Improved the microscope

  42. Hugo Grotius • Laid foundations for international law • Freedom of the seas

  43. Art

  44. Rembrandt • Greatest Painters in European history. • Most important Dutch Painter

  45. The Night Watch

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