1 / 25

Retrograde Amnesia: Is Memory Gone For Good Or Just Hiding Out?

Retrograde Amnesia: Is Memory Gone For Good Or Just Hiding Out?. Gretchen Hanson Gotthard, Ph.D. Randolph-Macon Woman’s College Lynchburg, VA. Forgetting Amnesia. Hypothetical Memory Processes. Encoding. Storage. Retrieval. What Causes Amnesia?. Transient Agents:

dacian
Télécharger la présentation

Retrograde Amnesia: Is Memory Gone For Good Or Just Hiding Out?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Retrograde Amnesia:Is MemoryGone For Good Or Just Hiding Out? Gretchen Hanson Gotthard, Ph.D. Randolph-Macon Woman’s College Lynchburg, VA

  2. Forgetting Amnesia Hypothetical Memory Processes Encoding Storage Retrieval

  3. What Causes Amnesia? • Transient Agents: • Electroconvulsive Shock (ECS) • Hypothermia • Hyperthermia • Concussive Head Injury • Permanent Agents: • Stroke • Brain Tumor • Brain Lesion

  4. Two Types of Amnesia • Anterograde Amnesia: • new information • “Memento” and H.M. • Retrograde Amnesia: • old information • Trevor Reece Jones Retrograde Amnesia Anterograde Amnesia

  5. Temporal Gradient of Retrograde Amnesia • Normal Memory • Recent better than Remote • Amnesia • Remote better than Recent

  6. Consolidation Theory • Müller and Pilzecker (1900) • Storage of information is disrupted. • Permanent loss of memory. X Encoding Storage Retrieval

  7. Evidence for Consolidation Theory • Duncan (1949) • Passive avoidance • ECS or No ECS (varying delays) • Tested 24 hours later

  8. Results

  9. Retrieval Failure Theory • Spear and Riccio (1994) and others… • Retrieval is disrupted • Temporary loss of memory X Encoding Storage Retrieval

  10. Evidence for Retrieval Failure Theory • Delayed Onset of Retrograde Amnesia • Geller and Jarvik (1968) • Passive avoidance • ECS or No ECS (immediately after training) • Tested 1, 2, 6, and24 hours later

  11. Results

  12. More Delayed Onset of Retrograde Amnesia • Lynch and Yarnell (1973) • Football players • Questioned players immediately and at delays • Experimental Group • Control Group

  13. Results

  14. More Evidence for Retrieval Failure • Reminder Treatment Effects • Hinderliter, Webster, and Riccio (1975) • Passive avoidance • Hypothermia (immediatelyafter training) • Reminder or no reminder (prior to testing)

  15. Results Hypo/ No Remind Hypo/ Remind No Hypo

  16. How do reminder treatments work? • “Two Bump” Theory • Washington Post Story (early 1990’s) • Levy (1987) • State Dependent Retention

  17. More Reminder Treatment Effects • Hanson, Bunsey, and Riccio (2002) • Two odor discriminations (Bunsey Digging Task)

  18. Surgery • Lesions to either: • Hippocampal Formation (HF) • Episodic Memory (Events) • Parahippocampal Region (PR) • Semantic Memory (Facts) Parahippocampal Region

  19. Hippocampal Formation:Episodic Memory (events)

  20. Parahippocampal Region:Semantic Memory (facts)

  21. Testing • Two probe trials (no FL in cups) • First probe trial:reminder treatment for second probe trial

  22. Results: Latency to Dig

  23. Results: Choice

  24. So Is Memory Gone For Good, Or Just Hiding Out? • It’s probably “Just Hiding Out”: • Consolidation Theory: memories should be immediately and permanently gone However… • Delayed Onset of Amnesia • Reminder Treatment Effects • Retrieval Failure Theory provides a better explanation.

  25. Current Research: Sand Maze • Sand Maze:appetitive version of Morris Water Maze • Hippocampal Formation:important for spatial learning and memory • WIN-2 study:synthetic cannabinoids and state dependent retention • Ashley Smith

More Related