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Improvements of regional emissions for air quality modelling

Improvements of regional emissions for air quality modelling. Proposed in Eastern Canada Regional Border strategy by NEG/ECP Environment committee G. Vigeant, M. Benjamin, G. Morneau (EC-QR) H. Durocher (MENV).

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Improvements of regional emissions for air quality modelling

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  1. Improvements of regional emissions for air quality modelling Proposed in Eastern Canada Regional Border strategy by NEG/ECP Environment committee G. Vigeant, M. Benjamin, G. Morneau (EC-QR) H. Durocher (MENV)

  2. Development of an improved database for air quality model applications over Eastern North America • Improvement of biogenic emission calculation with improved description of landuse over Eastern Canada • Calculation of mobile emissions at high resolution in the Montreal area with MOBILE6.2C and available traffic data

  3. Improvement of biogenic emissions The BELD3 dataset • Vegetation type and landuse at 1-km resolution • Covers North America up to 60-65°N • General broad categories (19) from remote sensing (USGS) such as: • Urban, crop, water • Deciduous, mixed and conifer forest • Additional information for the United States • U.S. Agricultural Census for 1992 (17 crop types) • U.S. Forest Service Inventory and Analysis dataset (194 tree species)

  4. Improvement of biogenic emissions Number of vegetation categories

  5. Improvement of biogenic emissions Methodology (2004-2005) • 2001 Canadian agricultural census • Inventory of 36 types of crops • Census consolidated subdivisions to map to AQ model grid (using GIS) (resolution 10-30 km) • Merge this step with NH3 emissions surrogate project? • Assign 36 types of crops to 11 BELD 3 categories • Combine census to BELD3 (1 km) to refine spatial allocation? • 2000 Canadian Forest inventory • Comprehensive set of tree species and genus • Spatial resolution is about 10 x 10 km2 • Forest polygons to map to model grid (using GIS) • Might need to convert volume of wood to area • Combine inventory to BELD3 (1 km) to refine spatial allocation?

  6. Agricultural Census subdivisions 450 km 190 km Improvement of biogenic emissions

  7. Next steps • Quality control of the inventory data • Evaluation of the emission rates obtained with beis2 and beis3 on new data • Evaluation of AQ model outputs • New emissions, VGBELD3, CEPS1 • Merge with other datasets • AQMAG-SMOKE, PNR, PYR

  8. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Objective Conceive a procedure to estimate the emissions of Criteria Air Contaminants from mobile on-road sources in a metropolitan area at high resolution. These emissions are to be used as input to air quality numerical models. • Project team: • Environment Canada • Ministère des Transports du Québec (MTQ) • André Babin • Centre de Recherche sur les Transports (CRT) • Mike Florian • Yolanda Noriega • Anne-Sophie Pépin

  9. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE • Benefits: • Improve air quality model outputs: • Forecast • Decision making for better control scenarios and CWS achievement • Improve our knowledge of the contribution of on-road vehicles emissions on air quality and population exposure in urban areas • Improve our knowledge of airborne contaminants and their transformation from a local scale to regional scale • Models can be used in the planning of road infrastructures of urbanized areas

  10. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Software modules • Grille (CRT) • Graphical interface to: • Ingest input parameters needed by MOBILE6.2C • Call MOBILE6.2C and convert the output to a format readable by EMME/2. MOBILE6.2C(Environment Canada based on MOBILE6.2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)) Estimate emission rates of air pollutants VOC, CO, NOx, SO2, PM2.5, toxics and CO2, for 28 classes of vehicles. EMME/2 (Équilibre Multimodal, Multimodal Equilibrium) (CRT and INRO) This module computes an equilibrium solution between the demand (Origin-Destination) and the supply (road network). The outputs are for each link of the road network: Average speed Number of vehicles of each class Enif (INRO) Graphical interface used to output EMME/2 solutions in several forms

  11. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Data flow diagram Begin Time and date Meteorological variables Fuel properties MOBILE6.2C Input file Grille MOBILE 6.2C Emission rates per speed class per vehicle class Formatted emission rates Road network O-D survey Counts MTQ and CRT EMME/2 Emissions of CAC on links and vertex Enif Gridded emissions of CAC on the fine grid End

  12. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Emission rates as a function of speed for 4 classes of vehicles

  13. Générée Attirée CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Travel demand Represented in EMME/2 by Origin-Destination matrices.

  14. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Traffic count Used to calibrate the simulated traffic flow and interpolate diurnal, weekly and seasonal cycles.

  15. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Output of EMME/2: Traffic flow

  16. Plus grandes valeurs vers Plus petites valeurs CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Output of Enif: Emission rates on the fine (1 km) grid

  17. CRT EC MTQ CALCUL DES ÉMISSIONS MOBILES SUR GRILLE FINE Next steps (2005-2006) • Procedures to generate graphical as well as numerical outputs of the emission rates of criteria air contaminants from mobile sources • Design a more general procedure that can be applied to other Canadian cities already using EMME/2 (11 cities) • Transfer to Environnement Canada • Chemical speciation of VOC and NOx for ADOM mechanism • Evaluation of the results

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