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Essential Mapping Techniques for Engineers: Understanding Maps and CAD Integration

This document highlights the essential readings and figures for mapping in engineering, focusing on the importance of hard and soft-copy maps for planning, design, and estimating quantities. Key types of maps, such as topographic and cadastral, are discussed alongside the principles of cartography and scale. The role of Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) in map production is emphasized, including coordinate handling and contour line generation. Additional components like legends, north arrows, and interpolation techniques for contour drawing are covered, aiding engineers in effective mapping practices.

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Essential Mapping Techniques for Engineers: Understanding Maps and CAD Integration

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Mapping

  2. Required readings: 18-1 to 18-10 &18-12&18-14, 18-16 and 18-17 • Required figures: 18-2, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8, 18-10, and 18-12

  3. Mapping • Hard and soft-copy maps • Importance for engineers: planning locations, design facilities, and estimate quantities. • Main types: topographic, cadastral, natural resources, facilities, land use, and construction • Cartography: the overall process of map processing. • Scale: large > 1in:100ft, small < 1in:1000ft

  4. Map Production • Computer-aided drafting (CAD): • Knowing point coordinates, using a software a map could be drawn, plotted, and transmitted. • Contour lines are automatically generated from TIN. If desired, cross sections could be established and volumes could be computed. • Some CAD systems designed to export data from total stations • Manual drafting.

  5. Map Components • Border: 1 in on the left side, 1/2 on the rest. • Coordinate system: marked along the border, and TIC marks across the map. • Scale: ratio, equivalence, or graphic (the best). • North arrow. • Legend: explain the symbols. • Title: at lower right corner, state: map type, project name, location, date, scale, and contour intervals. • Notes.

  6. Map Drawing • Planimetric details: compute the coordinates of the points and draw them with respect to the TIC marks. • Contours: first interpolate between known elevations, then connect the required elevations. Interpolation is done by: estimation, proportion, or other techniques. • Contour intervals in meters at scales: 0.5 at 1:500 1 at 1:1000 2 at 1:2000 5 at 1:5000 10 at 1:10,000

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