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Proteins

Proteins. Used in variety of cellular functions Made of smaller amino acids Only 20 amino acids… but thousands of proteins Exact arrangement of amino acids determines protein. Protein Basics. leucine. valine. glycine. alanine. leucine. leucine. histi- dine. aspara- gine. serine.

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Proteins

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  1. Proteins

  2. Used in variety of cellular functions Made of smaller amino acids Only 20 amino acids… but thousands of proteins Exact arrangement of amino acids determines protein Protein Basics leucine valine glycine alanine leucine leucine histi- dine aspara- gine serine proline = protein A valine leucine glycine alanine leucine leucine histi- dine aspara- gine serine proline = protein B leucine valine glycine alanine leucine leucine = protein C

  3. Amino Acid Structure • 20 different amino acids • Only differ in their R group • Monomer: Amino acid • Polymer: Protein

  4. What differs between these amino acids? Notice alanine’s different R group Notice Valine’s different R group R group for glycine Notice leucine’s different R group Notice methionine’s different R group Notice isoleucine’s different R group

  5. Enzymes Enzyme amylase glucose glucose glucose glucose • Types of proteins • Enzyme: Lowers the energy needed to start chemical reactions • ex: Break down food • Sensitive to pH, temp • ex: If high fever: enzymes lose ability to work • Very specific in actions • ex: Amylase: Breaks starch into simple sugars • Reusable

  6. Kobe Kuiz • What are the smaller monomers that make proteins called? • How many different amino acids exist? • How does each amino acid differ? • The NH2 part of the amino acid is called the ____ group. • The COOH part of the amino acid is called the ____ group. • Which group of proteins help to start chemical reactions?

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