Download
1 / 15
150 likes | 279 Vues
This report evaluates 12 advocacy campaigns aimed at improving health-related practices across six industries: alcohol, automobiles, firearms, food & beverages, pharmaceuticals, and tobacco. It explores how these campaigns interacted with industry opponents, the roles of government and media, and key characteristics of effective campaigns. Successful strategies included public mobilization, media advocacy, coalition building, and innovative approaches. By assessing factors contributing to campaign effectiveness, this analysis provides insights into how health advocacy can influence corporate practices.
E N D
Health Education & behavior Public Health Campaigns to Change Industry Practices That Damage Health: An Analysis of 12 Case Studies By N. Freudenberg, S.P. Bradley, & M. Serrano H571 Samantha Shivji
Background • There is growing evidence that the health of the public can be negatively impacted by some industry practices. • Advertising • Product design • Pricing • Strategic marketing • Public relations • Lobbying • Campaign contributions • This report investigated 12 campaigns (2 from each of the 6 target industries) intended to improve the health-related practices of various corporations in the United States.
Background Continued… • The 6 target industries • Alcohol • Automobiles • Firearms • Food & Beverages • Pharmaceuticals • Tobacco
Objectives of the Study • To examine the interactions between advocacy campaigns & their industry opponents • Explore the roles of government, researchers, & media • Identify characteristics of campaigns that are more or less effective in changing health-damaging practices
Methods • Unit of analysis= • “The individual health advocacy campaign” • To be included, a campaign had to meet these criteria: • Its efforts were aimed at a certain practice in one of the 6 industries mentioned previously • It was intended to improve/impact changes in corporate practices • It had well-defined objectives related to health
Rating Rubric • In order to say whether a campaign was more or less effective, the authors individually graded each one • 5-point scale based on these two criteria: • How successful they were at meeting their stated objectives • How well they were able to get constituencies mobilized • 1= fully successful & 5= not successful
Examples of Case Studies Used • Get Coke out of Seattle Schools (1996-2004) • A local movement to get parents and the school board in the Seattle area to cancel the schools’ agreement with the Coca-Cola Company that gave it “exclusive pouring rights”. • Contract with Coke was cancelled in 2003 • Citizens’ Campaign for Commercial Free Schools (the principal organization in the Seattle campaign) still strives to improve nutrition in schools & reduce the influence of companies that sell food and drinks
Another Example • 1994, the CPSI petitioned for the FDA to make it mandatory for food manufacturers to include the trans fat content of their products on their labels • Petition was based on scientific evidence that replacing trans fats with healthier oils may prevent 30,000 to 100,000 premature cardiovascular deaths in the US per year • Other groups have joined the Label or Ban Trans Fats campaign (1994-present) and continue to strive to achieve this goal throughout the country • The campaign has successfully won lawsuit settlements against McDonalds & Kraft Foods requiring them to reduce trans fats in their products • 2006, the FDA required all US food companies to include trans fat content on all food products
Successful Campaign Factors • Local • Advocacy strategies • Involving more constituencies • Innovative strategies • Social-political-economic context • Threat of litigation
Effective Strategies • Coalition building • Media advocacy • Public mobilization • Others include litigation, public protest, policy advocacy, & letter writing. • Average campaign used 4
