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Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Forensic Anthropology

Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Forensic Anthropology. Parts of the Skeletal System. Axial skeleton Skull, vertebral column, ribs Appendicular skeleton Upper & lower limb bones, pectoral & pelvic girdles. Clavicle. Scapula. Costals (Ribs). Sternum. Thoracic Cage.

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Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Forensic Anthropology

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  1. Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Forensic Anthropology

  2. Parts of the Skeletal System • Axial skeleton • Skull, vertebral column, ribs • Appendicular skeleton • Upper & lower limb bones, pectoral & pelvic girdles

  3. Clavicle

  4. Scapula

  5. Costals (Ribs)

  6. Sternum

  7. Thoracic Cage True ribs (pairs 1 – 7) False ribs (pairs 8 – 12) Floating ribs (pairs 11 – 12) Parts of Sternum: • Manubrium • Body • Xiphoid Process

  8. Vertebra

  9. Humerus

  10. Ulna

  11. Radius

  12. Clavicle Scapula Sternum Costals (Ribs) Humerus Vertebra Ulna Radius

  13. Sacrum

  14. Sacrum & Coccyx

  15. Ilium

  16. Ischium

  17. Pubis

  18. 2. Ilium 1. Sacrum 6. Acetabulum 4. Pubis 3. Ischiuim 7. Obturator Foramen 8. Coccyx

  19. Femur

  20. Patella

  21. Tibia

  22. Fibula

  23. Ilium Sacrum Pubis Ischium Femur Patella Fibula Tibia

  24. Bones of the Hand

  25. Carpels Bones of the Hand

  26. Metacarpels Carpels Bones of the Hand

  27. Phalanges Metacarpels Carpels Bones of the Hand

  28. Bones of the Foot

  29. Tarsals Bones of the Foot

  30. Metatarsals Tarsals Bones of the Foot

  31. Phalanges Metatarsals Tarsals Bones of the Foot

  32. FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY The Tales that Bones Tell

  33. Forensic Anthropology = Analysis of skeletal remains within a legal investigation • Physical anthropologist = osteologist • Training = BS physical anthropology MS osteology

  34. Biological Identity (who was it?) • Age • Sex • Previous injuries • Cause of death • Race • Stature/weight

  35. Approximate Age? IN CHILDREN: • The cranium is much larger in relation to the face and mandible • The mandible and maxilla become larger as permanent molars begin to erupt Child 4 years old

  36. Fusing of Skull • Appearance of sutures can give approximate age • In infants there are large gaps which close slowly over time

  37. Head of Femur: 19 – 20 years Part of hip: 24 years Female bones stop growing in length usually 1-2 years before male bones Epiphyseal Fusion

  38. Other factors telling about age • Bone density - drops after 40 • Pelvic joint morphology- ridge detail wears out over time • Dental changes

  39. Skull & pelvis are the two most sexually dimorphic areas

  40. Appendicular Skeleton Activity • Excellent site to study: http://www.getbodysmart.com/ap/skeletalsystem/skeleton/menu/menu.html

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