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Chapter 5: Political Parties

Learn about the vital roles political parties play in government, from nominating candidates to acting as watchdogs, in this insightful guide.

elijah-erickson
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Chapter 5: Political Parties

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  1. Chapter 5: Political Parties Section 1: Parties and What They Do

  2. What is a political party? • It’s NOT what you attend at a friend’s house

  3. What Is a Party? • A group of persons who seek to control government by winning elections and holding public office.

  4. Why would people want to create parties?

  5. FUNCTIONS OF POLITICAL PARTIES • Nominating Function • Informer-Stimulator Function • Bonding Agent Function • Governmental Function • Watchdog Function Pretty boring slide, eh?

  6. NOMINATING FUNCTION • Sets political parties apart from other political groups • The Democratic and Republican parties are election-oriented rather than issue-oriented.

  7. Informer-Stimulator Function • Share this with news media and interest groups

  8. BONDING AGENT FUNCTION • party encourages candidate to perform well---FUTURE ELECTIONS • Parties take a stand on issues and criticizes the other party’s stance

  9. Governmental Function • Party connections help executive and legislative branches of government to cooperate with one another

  10. Parties watch each other--the WATCHDOG FUNCTION • The party “in power” is the party in charge of the EXECUTIVE branch • If parties are watching each other’s actions, how will that help the people? • If parties are watching each other, how will that hurt government processes?

  11. the WATCHDOG FUNCTION The party NOT in power has a responsibility to criticize the party in power. This is what is know as loyal opposition—or partisan politics. Partisan: Along party lines Bi-partisan: Two-parties

  12. The Two-Party System • Who is Earl Dodge? • The Prohibition Parties candidate for President of the US in 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, and 2000. • Why don’t you know him? • Democrats and Republicansdominate American politics What does it mean?

  13. The Two-Party System • What do you think were the first political parties in America? • Why do we have a two party system today?

  14. What is a►one of the many political parties that does not Minor/third receive wide voter support Party? Why a two-party system • That’s the way it has always been • Force of Tradition • Electoral System: State election laws are written to discourage minor parties. • Americans tend to agree on important issues: We have a pluralistic society: range of culture/groups BUT, there is still a broad consensus Major parties tend to take moderate stands on issue

  15. Other types of political systems • Multiparty systems • One Party systems—what comes to mind when you hear this? • Which country would be more stable: a country with a two party system or a country with many parties?

  16. Two Major Parties: • Democrats: LIBERAL • Republicans: CONSERVATIVE GOP: Grand Old Party

  17. Party Membership Patterns: • Purely voluntary! • Democrats: • Republicans:

  18. PartyFollowings • Traditionally, many parts of the United States have been dominated by one party. • What party dominates in Chicago? • What party dominates Lake County? • What party dominates Illinois?

  19. Red: Republican • Blue: Democrat

  20. Era’s for Presidents: • 1800-1860: Democrats • 1860-1932: Republicans • 1932-1968: Democrats • Start of a New Era: Era of Divided Government: 1968-present

  21. Former Democratic Presidents President Franklin Delano Roosevelt President Harry S. Truman

  22. President John F. Kennedy President Lyndon B. Johnson

  23. President William Jefferson Clinton President Jimmy Carter

  24. Former Republican Presidents President Abraham Lincoln President Dwight D. Eisenhower

  25. Richard M. Nixon President Ronald Reagan

  26. President George W. Bush President George H.W. Bush

  27. Minor Parties in the United States • Ideological parties • Single issue parties • Economic parties • Splinter parties • Examples

  28. What do third parties do? • Improve the system by focusing on issues • Act as a “spoiler” in an election. • What do you think happens if a third party gains a lot of support?

  29. Organization of political parties • Impact of Federalism: • Parties have offices at local, State and federal levels. • The Role of the President: • The President is the leader of his or her party. • The party not in power has no comparable leader.

  30. NATIONAL PARTY MACHINERY • National Convention Committee • The National Committee • The National Chairperson • The Congressional Campaign Committees

  31. Three Basic Elements /Levels • Party in the Electorate: Voters • Party Organization: Workers • Party in Government: Office Holders

  32. Characteristics of Political Parties Parties are like HUGE businesses: • Have leaders • Leaders fight within the business • Pyramid structure • Have workers • Have meetings/ conventions

  33. The Future of the Major Parties • Political parties have been in a state of decline since the late 1960s. • HOWEVER, Parties are unlikely to disappear as long as they continue to perform necessary functions.

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