Objectives

1. ABSTINENCE-VS-SEXUAL EDUCATION FOR TEENAGERSSafiya QuashieProfessor Bernice DeShay, MPH, BSN, RN, FCNNursing-460Community Health NursingOctober 2011

2. By the end of this presentation, you will: • Know the difference between abstinence and sexual education as well as their advantages and disadvantages • Be aware of primary interventions • Know my philosophy of Community Health Nursing and how it relates to this topic Objectives

3. An abstinence based approach to sex education focuses on • teaching young people that abstaining from sex until • marriage is the best means of ensuring that they avoid • infection with HIV, other sexually transmitted infections and • unwanted pregnancy • Abstinence from sex - the best option for maintaining sexual health • Many supporters of abstinence based approaches to sex education also believe that it is morally wrong for people to have sex before they are married ABSTINENCE

4. ADVANTAGES prevent pregnancy prevent STDs wait until they're ready for a sexual relationship wait to find the right partner have fun with romantic partners without sexual involvement focus on school, career, or extracurricular activities Supportpersonal, moral, or religious beliefs and values get over a breakup heal from the death of a partner follow medical advice during an illness or infection Special Advantages for TeensSexual relationships present risks. Abstinence is a very good way to postpone taking those risks until you are better able to handle them. Women who abstain until their 20s and who have fewer partners in their lifetimes may have certain health advantages over women who do not. They are less likely to get STDs. Because they are less likely to get an STD, they are also less likely to become infertile or develop cervical cancer

5. DISADVANTAGES There are few disadvantages to abstinence People may find it difficult to abstain for long periods of time and may end their period of abstinence without being prepared to protect themselves against pregnancy or infection

6. Does not focus solely or closely on teaching young people that they should abstain from sex until they are married • It explains to young people the potential benefits of delaying • having sex until they are emotionally and physically ready • They are taught how to protect themselves from infections and pregnancy when they do decide to have sex SEXUAL EDUCATION

7. Teaches students the correct knowledge about their bodies, • human reproductive system, sexually transmitted diseases, • birth contraceptives and pregnancy prevention techniques • Appropriate sex education in schools has a great impact on • preventing sexual problems in adulthood • It teaches students on what is right and what is wrong • Through sex education, young people are able to communicate, • listen, negotiate with others, ask for and identify sources of help • and advice when it comes to sexual relationships Sex ED Advantages

8. It is believed that little knowledge is a dangerous thing • Most sex education provided to students is during physical • education or health classes which is not enough to teach • students serious materials • Sexual education, in many cases, goes against an individuals • morals and beliefs • Also, most schools focus on having safe intercourse, which many • religions and family values object before marriage • Teachers are not equipped to teach sex education to children • Educating teenagers about sex at an early age sparks their • curiosity, causing them to try it atleast once SEX ED DISADVANTAGES

9. Teaching/Education - sexual and birth control methods knowledge • Education on STD prevention • Dispense condoms (in some school-based clinics) • Provide information about resources outside of school (provide birth control information and counseling to young people) • Promote HPV vaccine at the local and state level • Promote abstinence or delaying sexual initiation • Promote condom usage - safe sex practices PRIMARY PREVENTION

10. CHN Philosophy ARTICLE According to an article in the Journal of School Health titled Influence of Materials on Teacher Adoption of Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs, educators were for abstinence-only curriculums and believed that abstinence provided their children with better options for their future as well as helped to keep them from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases The promotion of health populations in the community with the individuals of the community taking an active role by getting involved in maintaining their physical, mental, and spiritual being My Stand I am in agreement with the findings of this article in relation to my philosophy and also because unwanted pregnancies lead to emotional problems such as denial which leads to delayed prenatal care which compromises the well-being of the teenage mother and fetus. Also, pregnant teenagers would have to deal with the normal adolescent challenges along with the responsibilities of pregnancy and parenting which I do not believe they are prepared for

11. You have now been taught the difference between abstinence and sexual education as well as their advantages and disadvantages • Primary interventions • My philosophy of Community Health Nursing and how it relates to this topic SUMMARY

12. REFERENCES Abstinence Facts: 2011. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/abstinence-4215.htm Abstinence and Sex Education: 2011. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.avert.org/abstinence.htm Pros and Cons of Sex Education: 2011. [Web]. Retrieved from http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/pros-and-cons-of-sex-education-9472.html Wilson KL, Wiley DC. Influence of Materials on Teacher Adoption of Abstinence-Only-Unit-Marriage Programs. Journal of School Health, 2009; 79 pp 565 - 574