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States of Matter. StaTES OF mATTER. StaTES OF mATTER. 5 Common Changes of States. 5 Common Changes of States. Homework. Research a fourth type of matter – Plasma 1. What is plasma? 2. Under what condition does plasma exist? 3. Give an example of plasma found in current technology.
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Homework • Research a fourth type of matter – Plasma • 1. What is plasma? • 2. Under what condition does plasma exist? • 3. Give an example of plasma found in current technology.
Short Story on Changes of State • A _____________ gently floated down from the sky on a cold winter evening. It lay on the ground in the __________ state until spring. • Then, as the temperature warmed up, the snowflake ___________ , changing into the __________ state. It turned into __________ and flowed into a puddle at the bottom of the yard. • Soon, the temperature warmed up even more and the town became very hot. The drop of water in the puddle ________ and changed into the ___________ state. It was now __________ . Moving into the sky, the water vapour floated around and eventually cooled, ______ , and changed into the ____________ state. It fell back to Earth as a ________ . The water cycle had been completed once again and was starting another loop.
Short Story on Changes of State cont…. • A snowflake gently floated down from the sky on a cold winter evening. It lay on the ground in the solidstate until spring. • Then, as the temperature warmed up, the snowflake melted, changing into the liquidstate. It turned into waterand flowed into a puddle at the bottom of the yard. • Soon, the temperature warmed up even more and the town became very hot. The drop of water in the puddle evaporatedand changed into the gasstate. It was now water vapour. Moving into the sky, the water vapour floated around and eventually cooled, condensed, and changed into the liquidstate. It fell back to Earth as a snowflake/rain. The water cycle had been completed once again and was starting another loop.
8 Changes of state experiments • In your group, organize the 8 changes into groups that make sense to you. • Give each group a title. • Decide why you grouped the way you did.
8 Changes of state experiments cont…. • Which of the changes are reversible (or can change back)? • Explain how you would change them back.
8 Changes of state experiments cont… • Which of the changes are non-reversible (or cannot change back to original state)? • Explain why not.
8 Changes of state experiments cont…. • Identify and describe a change you observed that produced gas. • The four states of change you learned about earlier in the unit on Matter are: • Melting • Evaporation • Condensation • Freezing Can these changes be reversed or not? How do you know?
Physical versus Chemical Changes • There are many ways to describe changes in matter. A common method is to classify the changes as Physical or Chemical Changes.
Physical Change • A Physical Change occurs when the substance you start with is the same and can be converted into the original material when you finish. Particles that make up the substance do not change, they are just moved around. For example, crushing sugar or melting ice into water are both Physical Changes. You have sugar and water at the start and the end of your investigation. Physical changes are said to be reversible.
Chemical change • A Chemical Change is when substances interact to produce new substances. A new state of matter (i.e., a new formation of particles) is formed from the two substances mixed. For example, adding antacid tablets to water or adding baking soda to vinegar are both Chemical Changes. When the reaction is done, new materials have been produced (i.e., smoke, fizz, rust, explosion, tarnish, discolouring, etc). Chemical changes are said to be non-reversible.
How Heat Affects Matter • When matter comes in contact with heat, the matter absorbs that heat, which causes its volume to increase or expand. For example, when the alcohol in thermometers is immersed in hot water, the alcohol’s volume increases, which makes the coloured alcohol rise up the glass tube. Also, when you take a plastic bottle and put a balloon over the top, and immerse the plastic bottle into a pail of hot water, the bottle air in the bottle absorbs the heat from the water, which expands the volume of the gas in the bottle, causing the balloon to fill up with the expanded air. What do you think happens to power lines in the winter? What about in the summer?
Unit Review • Be sure to start working on this review now already. Use your notes, notes posted on our class website and your new knowledge. • Your assessment will be on Wednesday, December 18th.
