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Exploring Perceptual Powers in Infants: From Innate Abilities to Critical Periods

This chapter delves into the origins and influences of perceptual powers in infants, exploring their ability to distinguish between sweet and salty tastes, discriminate between odors, recognize human voices, detect loud noises, and more. It discusses critical periods in development and how missing certain experiences can impair perception. Additionally, it examines the psychological and cultural influences on perception, emphasizing the impact of needs and interests on what we perceive and how we perceive it.

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Exploring Perceptual Powers in Infants: From Innate Abilities to Critical Periods

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 6 Section 5: Perceptual Powers: Origins & Influences

  2. Inborn Abilities • Infants • Distinguish between sweet & salty & discriminate between odors • Distinguish human voices from other sounds

  3. Startle to a loud noise & turn their head towards a sound • Discriminate size & color, contrast, shadows, & complex patterns

  4. The Visual Cliff • Devised by Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk to test depth perception

  5. Glass surface, with checkerboard underneath at different heights • Visual illusion of a cliff • Baby can’t fall • Mom stands across the gap. • Babies show increased attention over deep side at age 2 months, but aren’t afraid until about the age they can crawl.

  6. Critical Periods • If an infant misses out on certain experiences during a critical window of time, perception will be impaired • Innate abilities will not survive • When adults who have been blind from infancy have their vision restored, may see, but not well • Poor depth perception

  7. Perceptual powers are both “wired in “ & dependent on experience

  8. Psychological & Cultural Influences on Perception • Because we care about what we see, hear, taste, smell, & feel, psychological factors can influence what we perceive & how we perceive it • Needs- when we need something, have an interest in it, or want it, we are likely to perceive it

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