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States of Matter:

States of Matter:. What do we know?. 1. Solids, Liquids, & Gases are all states of __________. 2. A change in state is a _________ change. 3. Substances may change state if there is a change in ___________ or ____________; 4. It all goes back to the ______________ Theory. Matter. Physical.

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States of Matter:

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  1. States of Matter:

  2. What do we know? 1. Solids, Liquids, & Gases are all states of __________. 2. A change in state is a _________ change. 3. Substances may change state if there is a change in ___________ or ____________; 4. It all goes back to the ______________ Theory. Matter Physical Pressure Temperature Kinetic-Molecular

  3. Reviewing KMT • All particles are in constant, random, rapid motion. • The motion of particles is affected by temperature & pressure. • KMT can be used to describe the arrangement of particles in S, L, & Gs.

  4. Particles in a gas • A gas is made up of particles which move very fast. Mostly empty space. • Gas takes the shape and volume of the container. (indefinite) A gas particle A B

  5. Particles in a Liquid • A liquid is made up of particles which move slower than those of a gas. • Take the shape of the container, but have definite volume. • Particles can swap position in a liquid by moving past each other e.g. particles A and B B A liquid particle A

  6. Substances that can flow are referred to as fluids. Both liquids and gases are fluids.

  7. Particles in a Solid • A solid is made up of particles which vibrate around a fixed or central position. Have volume and shape independent of the container. • Particles do not swap positions in a solid e.g. particles A and B Particle of a solid A B

  8. 13.3 Allotropes Allotropes are two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state. • Allotropes have different properties because their structures are different. • Only a few elements have allotropes.

  9. 13.3 Carbon Allotropes

  10. Review Liquid Solid Gas Indefinite shape Indefinite volume Mostly empty space Fluid Indefinite shape Definite volume Able to move past each other Fluid Definite shape Definite volume Fixed positions Still moving

  11. 13.1 Kinetic Energy and Temperature • Absolute zero (0 K, or –273.15°C) is the temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases. • Particles would have no kinetic energy at absolute zero. • Absolute zero has never been produced in the laboratory. Converting Temperature: 0 K= 0C+ 273

  12. What about the 4th & 5th States of Matter? Plasma Bose-Einstein Condensate Occurs at a fraction of a degree above absolute zero. Atoms condense and behave as one. Blob! • Highest Energy State • Ionized Gas

  13. Changes of State Melting Freezing Boiling Condensation

  14. Changes of State Sublimation Deposition

  15. http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/

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