The Role of Extracellular Environment and Growth Factors in MAP Kinase Cascade Activation
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This article explores the complex signaling mechanisms of the extracellular environment's influence on cell behavior, focusing on the MAP kinase cascade. It details the roles of key players like receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), growth factors, GRB2, SOS, Ras, Raf, Mek, and Erk. The activation process initiated by growth factor binding leads to a cascade that ultimately regulates gene expression in the nucleus. Understanding these pathways is essential for elucidating cellular responses and potential therapeutic targets in diseases like cancer.
The Role of Extracellular Environment and Growth Factors in MAP Kinase Cascade Activation
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Presentation Transcript
Extracellular Environment
Extracellular Environment
Raf Raf GDP GDP Ras Ras GTP GTP Growth Factor Growth Factor Mek Mek P P Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Tyrosine Kinase GAP GAP Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Tyrosine Kinase MAP Kinase cascade MAP Kinase cascade GRB2 GRB2 SOS SOS Erk Erk Erk Erk Gene Expression Gene Expression Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
Raf GDP Ras GAP Extracellular Environment Mek Receptor Tyrosine Kinase MAP Kinase cascade SOS GRB2 Erk Nucleus Cytoplasm
Raf Ras Extracellular Environment Growth Factor P Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Mek P P P P P Receptor Tyrosine Kinase GTP Receptor Tyrosine Kinase MAP Kinase cascade SOS Cytoplasm GRB2 Erk Gene Expression Erk Nucleus