1. Organic Molecules Molecules of LifeMolecules of our Food

2. Organic (Food) Molecules • Found in and produced by living organisms • Large and complex • Carbon to carbon “backbones” - C – C – C - C

3. Organic Molecules • Proteins • Carbohydrates (sugars and starches) • Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA) • Lipids (Fats & cholesterol)

4. Proteins • Polymers of amino acids • Polymer – • Monomer –

5. Proteins • Build an amino acid:

6. Proteins Q: How do amino acids combine to form proteins? A: Dehydration Synthesis

7. Proteins • Q: Are cow proteins identical to human proteins? • Q: Are cow amino acids identical to human amino acids?

8. Digestion = Hydrolysis

9. Who makes Amino Acids? Answer: • What simple inorganic molecules do they use? 

10. Proteins • FUNCTIONS OF(How are proteins used in living organisms?) • Silk of spider web • Enzymes (protein catalysts; “helper” molecules • Animals: hemoglobin (blood protein, carries O2) • Some hormones are proteins (e.g. insulin) • Some structures are proteins (hair, nails)

11. Nucleic AcidsPolymers of nucleotides (A sample nucleotide)

12. Carbohydrates • Monosaccharides, a.k.a • Disaccharides, a.k.a • Polysaccharides, a.k.a

13. Carbohydrates • Monosaccharides ex: GLUCOSE!

14. Glucose: Linear  Ring

15. Carbohydrates GLUCOSE • Who makes glucose? • By what process?

16. Carbohydrates GLUCOSE • Who uses glucose? Why? • By what process? • Where is it broken down?

17. Carbohydrates Disaccharides

18. Carbohydrates(Disaccharides) SUGAR MATH! Lactose = Glucose + Galactose Maltose = Glucose + Glucose Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose

19. Carbohydrates • Polysaccharides

20. Extension to Carbohydrates: And now, what about insulin?