1. Cells:Cell Structure and Functions

2. Cell Discovery • Robert Hooke • Observed cork cells with a microscope and discovered cell walls • Named the structure “the cell” because it reminded him of the small rooms (cells) in which the monks lived

3. Components and Functions • Cell Membrane: a selectively permeable membrane that separates the cell from its external environment • Cytoplasm: jelly-like material found inside the cell membrane • Ribosome: organelles where protein are made

4. Components and Functions • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): membrane system of folded sacs and tunnels. • Can be rough or smooth. • Smooth ER functions primarily as intracellular highway for movement of molecules from one part of the cell to another. • Also storage of synthesized proteins

5. Components and Functions • Golgi Apparatus: processing, packaging and secreting organelles of the cell • Mitochondria: respiration organelle of the cell. Chemical reaction will release energy (ATP) from the nutrients taken into the cell • Cell Nucleus: contains DNA and chromosomes. The genetic information center of the cell

6. Components and Functions • Nuclear Envelope (Membrane): porous membrane surrounding the nucleus that allows materials in and out of the nucleus • Nucleolus: cell part that helps make ribosomes

7. Components and Functions • Lysosomes: organelle that contains digestive enzymes. They digest food particles, disease causing bacteria captured by white blood cells, and worn out and broken parts of cells. • Centrioles: cell part that helps with cell reproduction

8. Activity • Construct a cell using the given materials