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Objectives

Objectives . SWBAT identify the origins of the industrial revolution. SWBAT identify how improvements in farming methods would fuel the industrial revolution. SWBAT identify how early Industrial Revolution technological improvements gave rise to the textile industry. .

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Objectives

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  1. Objectives • SWBAT identify the origins of the industrial revolution. • SWBAT identify how improvements in farming methods would fuel the industrial revolution. • SWBAT identify how early Industrial Revolution technological improvements gave rise to the textile industry.

  2. Origins of the Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution – a period of increased output of goods made by machines and new inventions. Industrialization – the process of developing machine production of goods. Development of industries on a wide scale. Urbanization – Rapid growth of cities

  3. Factors for industrial growth Birth place of industrial revolution? middle 1700s in lowlands of eastern England and southern Scotland

  4. Birthplace of Industrial Rev

  5. Changes in Farming Improvements in farming led to industrial Revolution Landowners inspired by scientific rev. and enlightenment kept records of method used on land to compare harvests

  6. 1721 JethroTull invents seed drill a. Scientific farmer Crop rotation a. Land wasted left to lie fallow b. Charles Townshend – change crop you plant each year

  7. Jethro Tull’s Seed Drill

  8. Seed Drill

  9. Jethro Tull, Scientific Farmer

  10. Improved livestock a. Robert Bakewell – breed the best animals to increase weight and taste of mutton (sheep) Question – How might these improvements in farming help to “fuel” the industrial revolution about to take place?

  11. Effects on population Answer. More food to go around, fewer went hungry, nutrition improved, overall health better Population growth helps fuel industry

  12. Advances in Medicine a factor too Edward Jenner invents smallpox vaccine. Population doubles in Europe between 1750-1850.

  13. Rise of Industry in Britain • Inventions change the textile industry *New technology the key to advances in industry!

  14. Flying shuttle1733 John Kay

  15. Spinning Jenny1764 John Hargreaves

  16. Water Frame1769 Richard Arkwright

  17. Spinning Mule1779 Samuel Crompton

  18. Water Frame & Spinning Mule to big for home use = leads to factories 1785 Edmund Cartwright invents “power loom” run by waterpower All of these innovations increased production and demand Most of England’s cotton came from southern US (VA, NC, SC, GA, etc.) a. Can’t keep up with demand

  19. Power Loom

  20. American Roots of Industrial Revolution 1793 Eli Whitney invents “cotton gin” now enough cotton to keep factories running in England

  21. Cotton Gin

  22. Eli Whitney

  23. Profits per pound of cotton soared and with it the amount of cotton planted for harvest • More slave labor brought over • Division between North and South grew • South land of slavery and farming • North land of free labor and industry

  24. America’s First Factories • Samuel Slater established America’s first successful textile mill in 1793 in Pawtucket, RI

  25. Steam Engine changes everything Power looms and other spinning machines ran on waterpower Factory owners search for new power sources not so limiting 1785 - James Watt and Matthew Boulton improved steam engine (First used in London) a. More practical for industrial use • First time in history people had a source of power that could be used anywhere and anytime due to Coal!

  26. Steam Engine

  27. James Watt

  28. Honors students • Check out the website on Watt and Boulton’s Steam Engine.

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